Automobile Applied Technology

Research on Minimum Control Strategy of Equivalent Hydrogen Consumption for Fuel Cell Vehicle

YU Chuan1 , DU Changqing1,2, HU Yifeng1 , ZHANG Jiaming1

2025, 50(5): 1-7,53. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.001

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The energy management strategy (EMS) for fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle (FCHEV) is critical for enhancing system efficiency, ensuring system health, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This paper proposes an equivalent consumption minimum strategy (ECMS) based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to determine the optimal equivalence factor. The proposed ECMS is compared with dynamic programming (DP), demonstrating that it achieves optimization results similar to those of DP while significantly reducing computational time. Furthermore, the ECMS is integrated with a regenerative braking strategy and validated through MATLAB simulations under several standard driving cycles. The simulation results indicate that the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery is increased by 7.48%, 4.64%, and 5.48%, respectively,under different cycle conditions.

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Optimization of Equivalent Fuel Consumption Minimization Strategy for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Using DDPG

XU Xiaodong, WEI Wenxiang* , GAN Zidong

2025, 50(5): 8-13. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.002

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To improve the fuel economy of hybrid vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles are chosen as research subject. The deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) algorithm is used to optimize the equivalence factor and battery state of charge (SOC) in equivalent fuel consumption minimization strategy (ECMS). By integrating deep learning's perception abilities with reinforcement learning's decision-making processes, the optimization control of energy management in the hybrid electric vehicle is accomplished. A complete vehicle simulation model is created in MATLAB/ Simulink for experimental purposes. The outcomes demonstrate that, under condition of meeting the vehicle's normal driving power demands, fuel consumption based on DDPG algorithm optimized equivalent fuel consumption minimization algorithm is significantly lower than that of double deep Q network (DDQN) and traditional ECMS, while maintaining battery SOC balance, ensuring multi-objective optimization.

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Research on Failure Analysis for Electric Power Steering

LI Shuangfeng, MA Guojun, MAO Feng

2025, 50(5): 14-18. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.003

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This article mainly focuses on the electronic failure causes of electric power steering system (EPS) failures in electric vehicles. After a series of testing and verification, including chip testing, functional confirmation, exchange testing, and development validation, on various components of the electronic control unit (ECU) circuit board, it is finally determined that the cause of the failure of the steering assist is due to internal electrical stress failure of the chip. Through the analysis of this malfunction, a set of troubleshooting procedures for the failure of electric power steering caused by chip faults has been summarized, as well as analysis methods for encountering such problems. The chip fault testing scheme and parameter selection presented in the article provide a reliable verification scheme reference for such faults, and also provide reference standards for electrostatic control testing that causes chip electrical stress failure.

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Based on Cloud Big Data to Build Battery Electric Vehicle User Driving Cycles and Vehicle Energy Consumption Analysis

CHENG Jing1 , WU Weiming1 , ZHENG Yeming2 , DOU Wei1 , LIU Zhen2

2025, 50(5): 19-26. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.004

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In order to accurately reflect the real energy consumption of vehicles, the construction method of the real road driving condition curve of battery electric vehicle users is studied. The short journey segments are obtained through the desensitized vehicle cloud big data, and based on the short journey segments, principal component analysis, cluster analysis and correlation analysis are conducted to construct the real road driving condition curves of several battery electric vehicle users. The vehicle energy consumption simulation model is built with AVL Cruise software for energy consumption simulation of the working condition curves. Finally, the curve energy consumption is obtained by the whole vehicle hub conversion test. The results show that there is no significant difference in energy consumption between the real road driving curves of users in different regions, months and models. Compared with China's light vehicle test conditions and the world's light vehicle test conditions, the constructed curve can better reflect the real driving energy consumption of users. The energy consumption of user working condition curve is 8.8% higher than that of China light vehicle test working condition curve, which can be used to guide the development of vehicle energy consumption.

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Research on Composite Braking Control of Distributed Drive Electric Vehicles

WU Di, ZHAO Fei

2025, 50(5): 27-34. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.005

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A composite braking control strategy is introduced for distributed drive electric vehicles, which takes yaw stability and braking energy recovery into consideration, capitalizing on the independent control capabilities of four-wheel motor braking torque and friction braking torque. This strategy adopts a hierarchical control framework, with the upper-level controller comprising a proportion-integration-differentiation (PID) based longitudinal speed tracking controller and a yaw moment controller grounded in model predictive control. The lower-level controller optimizes tire utilization through quadratic programming to allocate the braking torques among the four wheels, determining the motor braking force ratio coefficient based on factors such as braking intensity, battery state of charge (SOC), and vehicle speed, and subsequently calculating the motor braking torque and friction braking torque. Ultimately, a co-simulation model is built using MATLAB/ Simulink and CarSim to perform simulation tests under cornering braking scenarios. The simulation outcomes demonstrate that the proposed control strategy ensures vehicle braking stability while enhancing braking energy recovery efficiency.

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Design and Validation of a Bypass Valve-type Magnetorheological Damper for By-wire Suspension Systems

WU Zhiqiang1,2 , ZHAO Yongqiang*1, MA Yong1 , YANG Ao1

2025, 50(5): 35-40. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.006

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In a by-wire suspension system, the damper acts as a crucial actuator, directly influencing vehicle dynamic performance and ride comfort. Magnetorheological (MR) dampers offer rapid response and low energy consumption but face challenges in precisely controlling the adjustable damping ratio. To enhance the performance and control accuracy of MR dampers, this paper focuses on a bypass valve-type MR damper and designs a double-disc MR valve. Numerical studies are conducted on the current magnitude, damping gap, and coil turns. The study results indicate that the pressure drop performance of the MR valve increases with current, decreases with an increase in the damping gap, and increases with an increase in the number of coil turns. Among these factors, the damping gap has the most significant impact. Under conditions of a 2 A current, a 1 mm damping gap, and 200 coil turns, the pressure drop performance can reach 5.2 MPa.

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Structural Design and Optimization of Electric Energy-saving Vehicle Frame

QUAN Jianyi1 , SONG Yong1 , XIE Yinqi1 , YANG Yaohua1 , DANG Liwei2 , BAI Jingjing2

2025, 50(5): 41-46. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.007

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The article focuses on the structural design and optimization of the frame of Shell's environmentally friendly marathon electric energy-saving vehicle, in order to achieve the goals of improving racing performance and lightweighting. Based on the requirements of the Shell Environmental Marathon, a first generation edge beam energy-saving racing car frame model is designed using CATIA V5 professional software. By using ANSYS Workbench software for finite element analysis, the stress distribution cloud map and displacement distribution cloud map of the frame under bending, twisting, acceleration, turning, and braking conditions under full load are compared and analyzed to verify its stiffness and strength requirements. And based on the results of the 100th topology optimization iteration, the original frame structure is optimized to obtain the final version of the energy-saving racing car frame model, achieving a weight reduction of 21.4%, providing reference for the design optimization of the frame.

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Simulation Analysis of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Micro Electric Vehicle

LIU Jianjun1,2, XU Zitao*3 , WANG Jiabin1,2, LI Qian1,2 , LI Shoukui1,2 , SUN Dejuan1 , LI Bijie1

2025, 50(5): 47-53. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.008

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Due to the space limitation, the research of drive motor is always a difficult problem because of the cross-coupling of electromagnetic field, temperature field, mechanical field and other physical fields. This paper takes the brushless permanent magnet synchronous motor of mini electric vehicle as the research object, constructs a digital model based on MOTOR-CAD Software by calculating the motor parameters, and carries out simulation analysis of it. The results show that the magnetic density of the drive motor is between 1.6 T and 1.9 T, the magnetic density of the stator teeth is 1.760 T. The highest temperature of stator winding, yoke and teeth are respectively for 69.9,68.3, 65.3 ℃. The highest temperature of the motor is mainly concentrated in the winding. The maximum stress of the rotor core is 7.742 MPa, and the maximum displacement of the rotor core is 0.787 4 μm. The simulation results show that the designed drive motor can fully meet the work requirements, the design is reasonable, and has good cooling performance. This study is expected to provide relevant scientific basis and reference for the drive system of micro electric vehicles.

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Power Unit Cooling System Design Improvement of Certain Heavy-duty Vehicle

LIU Yuhang, LI Hongbiao, LIANG Shuang, SUN Zhihong

2025, 50(5): 54-57,63. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.009

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With the development of vehicle electrification, the research and development of heavyload vehicles is also developing in the direction of high mobility and electric drive. In view of the overtemperature alarm problem of the power unit in the use process of an electric drive overloaded vehicle, this paper first analyzes all the sports car data of the vehicle, and studies the common working conditions of the power unit and the design margin of each radiator. Secondly, the modified design objectives of engine water dispersion and motor and controller water dispersion are proposed to increase 10% and reduce 10% respectively. Finally, the height of the engine and the motor and controller are redesigned. After the redesign, the height of the engine is increased to 1.12 times of the original size, and the height of the motor and controller is reduced to 0.94 times of the original size. The improved radiator meets the design requirements and is used well.

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Analysis of a Low-cost Brake Pedal Feeling Optimization Scheme

LI Xiaodong1 , SONG Jie1 , SUN Ning1 , MA Guangmin1 , WANG Baicheng2 , LI Chunliang2 , XU Yuting3

2025, 50(5): 58-63. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.010

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The brake pedal feeling is an important part of the vehicle braking performance, which directly affects the user's comfort. At present, the evaluation system of brake pedal feel is relatively mature, but the optimization of pedal feel mainly focuses on changing the structural design of the basic brake system. Although the brake pedal feel can be optimized, it also means the rising cost of parts and new matching development costs. In order to realize the rapid optimization of pedal feel and reduce the investment cost of R&D changes, this paper analyzes the factors affecting brake pedal feel. Aiming at the common problem of insufficient braking force, the braking force is improved from the direction of brake disc and friction plate process optimization, so as to provide a low-cost optimization scheme for pedal feel. The friction coefficient and braking force before and after optimization are tested and verified. The effectiveness of the proposed low cost scheme is proved.

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Design and Experimental Study of Handle Cam Type Steering Column

WANG Jianglan, WEI Jianting

2025, 50(5): 64-67. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.011

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The steering column is one of the important parts in the automobile steering system. Both traditional automobiles or new energy vehicles cannot do without the steering column. The cost of the steering column is its core competitiveness. In view of the increasingly competitive automobile market environment, it is necessary to optimize the structural design of the steering column to reduce costs. Combined with the structural characteristics of the steering column, this paper designs a handle cam-type steering column, and conducts finite element analysis and simulation on the natural frequency and static collapse performance of the column. Manual samples are made for test verification. Through simulation and experimental research, it is shown that the natural frequency and static collapse performance of the handle cam-type steering column can meet the column test requirements.

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Head Offset Calculation of Far-end Occupant Protection Based on TEMA 6D

ZHAO Wei, MENG Lingxu, WANG Xu, LIU Peiwei

2025, 50(5): 68-71,77. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.012

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In vehicle side impact accidents, it is very important to improve the protection ability of remote occupants. The China-new car assessment program (C-NCAP) 2024 version introduces the virtual evaluation project of side far-end occupant protection, in which the head offset is the key inspection item, which is crucial to the accuracy of the virtual evaluation of vehicle side impact. Therefore, this paper proposes a dummy head displacement analysis method based on high-speed camera. The coordinate system is defined by a three-coordinate measuring instrument and the dummy head point model is obtained. The TEMA 6D software is used to track the movement of key marker points to obtain the dynamic data of the dummy head during the collision. These data are applied to the evaluation of far-end occupant protection in actual vehicle side impact, which provides important data support for vehicle safety performance analysis and has practical application significance.

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Research on the Integrated NVH Simulation of Passenger Car Electric Drive System

SHI Tongjie1,2 , NIU Wenbo1,2, LI Bin1,2 , TANG Lechao1,2 , CAI Hui1,2

2025, 50(5): 72-77. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.013

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The development of electric drive system towards integration leads to the integrated noise, vibration, harshness (NVH) problem. In order to adapt to the trend of integrated development of electric drive, this paper focuses on researching the NVH simulation method of integrated electric drive system, which can realize the integrated modeling of motor and reducer, and consider the vibration and noise simulation calculation of motor excitation and gear meshing excitation together. At the same time, research is carried out to improve the accuracy of the simulation method. Through the measures of flexibility of shafting, adjusting the suspension stiffness and output inertia according to the actual bench installation state, fitting Rayleigh damping curve, etc., the simulation accuracy of the order noise of the electric drive system reaches within ±3 dB(A). This method can help to improve the prediction accuracy of NVH solutions in the early stage of electric drive development and the precise identification of NVH problems in the experimental stage of the later development.

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The Influence of Fuel Consumption Correction Coefficient on Fuel Consumption Evaluation of Hybrid Electric Vehicles

MO Senquan, FU Yanbin

2025, 50(5): 78-81. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.014

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When evaluating the energy efficiency of hybrid electric vehicles, the test standard introduces a modified test procedure to evaluate their fuel economy based on the modified results, as the change in electrical energy of the vehicle's rechargeable electric energy storage system during the test process can affect fuel consumption. To study the differences in correction coefficients and their impact on fuel consumption evaluation, a fuel consumption correction coefficient test is conducted on a certain vehicle model, and the obtained correction coefficient is used to correct the measured fuel consumption. The results indicate that the corrected fuel consumption can truly and objectively reflect the fuel economy of the vehicle, but there are significant differences in the correction coefficients obtained by different vehicles. Directly using the fuel consumption correction coefficient may result in completely opposite conformity evaluations of fuel consumption. The above conclusions can guide vehicle manufacturers in selecting the fuel consumption correction coefficient and formulating fuel consumption declaration values when in the type approval of fuel consumption for the vehicle.

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Research on the Properties of Polypropylene PCR Material Used for Spray-painted Bumper

FU Xuemei1 , WANG Zhibai1 , WEI Xiao1 , LAI Lihui1 , LEI Liang2 , DAI Changfa2

2025, 50(5): 82-87. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.015

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The application of post-consumer recycling (PCR) materials in automotive bumpers and other key components is limited by its insufficient mechanical properties, poor paint adhesion, easy foaming and other problems. This paper studies the comparative study of the performance of different recycled polypropylene (PP), and screens out the recycled PP with excellent performance. It is applied to PP+(Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer, EPDM)-TD20, and its mechanics, spray painting and boiling foaming properties are discussed. The results shows that the example properties of the recycled materials are slightly lower than that of the new materials. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and infrared spectroscopy show that the main components of all samples are PP resin. The boiling foaming experiment show that new material PP1>recycled material PP2>recycled material PP3=recycled material PP4. In the PP+EPDM-TD20 system, compared to recycled material PP3, recycled material PP2 exhibits better mechanical properties and resistance to water foaming. This suggests that the surface interface binding force between the recycled material PP2 surface and the paint, as well as its adsorption capacity for small organic molecules in the paint, are stronger. Consequently, small molecule desorption does not occur under high-temperature boiling conditions, thereby avoiding defects such as blistering and wrinkling due to interface layer peeling. When the content of recycled material PP2 is 30% and the content of polyolefin elastomer (POE) is 20%, the mechanical properties and spray painting performance of the sample are optimal, and the sample passes both the 100-cell adhesion test and the boiling foaming test, meeting the performance requirements for bumper materials.

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Application of FMEA in Risk Management of Vehicle Production Line Renovation Project

ZHAO Xuan

2025, 50(5): 88-92. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.016

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As an important means for original equipment manufacturers to invest in new vehicle models and upgrade vehicle models, the potential risks pose great challenges to the normal operation of the factory. In order to reasonably control the changes in the process of the vehicle production line renovation project, this article takes the production line renovation of a certain vehicle project to increase production capacity as an example, and comprehensively analyzes its potential risks using failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) tools and risk management elements. An FMEA scoring matrix is established to review the severity, occurrence, and detectability of each risk item, determine the control priority of each risk item, and propose a series of targeted risk response measures. On site practice show that the application of FMEA significantly improves the risk management level of vehicle production line renovation project and effectively reduces project implementation risks.

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Analysis and Solution for Car Door Hemming and Clamping

ZHU Yonghui, ZHANG Yucheng, WANG Bo, FAN Bo, YANG Wei

2025, 50(5): 93-96. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.017

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With the advancement of automation level in body processes, synchronous engineering analysis faces increasing challenges. From manual hemming to robotic automatic hemming, the improvement of the process level has increasingly refined the requirements for process manufacturability, thus eliminating the interference problem of car door hemming bring about by automatic advancement.Firstly, detailed data analysis of the door's inner and outer panels clamping is carried out from the angle of the inner plate, the process data simulation of the inner plate and the inspection and confirmation of the safety distance of the section. Then, it is confirmed whether the data of the inner and outer panels meet the requirements of the robot's automatic clamping. Finally, in view of the interference areas that do not meet the requirements, it is proposed to change the flange edge of the inner panels , change the angle of the outer panels, and reduce the flanging height of the outer panels, and engineering technology to avoid the four solutions to solve the interference problem, eliminate the late field production bring by the clamping interference, hemming quality and other production and manufacturing problems, to ensure the smooth and rapid implementation of the project. The results show that the module analysis can help achieve synchronous engineering analysis of welding and improve the level of car door design and manufacturing.

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2018 Geely Emgrand EV450 Drive Motor Position Sensor Fault Diagnosis Analysis

LAI Bin

2025, 50(5): 97-100,125. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.018

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With the government's strong support and policy drive for the new energy vehicle industry, the popularity rate of new energy vehicles has increased significantly, and the corresponding rise in the failure rate of new energy vehicles has been accompanied. In this paper, the abnormal faults in the startup and acceleration process of 2018 Geely Emgrand EV450 vehicle are analyzed and successfully eliminated. The fault performance is that the vehicle is powered on normally, but it cannot run normally when accelerating, and then the system fault indicator is lit and powered off. By reading and analyzing the fault codes of the vehicle controller and the drive motor controller, and combining the structure and working principle of the drive motor position sensor, it is determined that the fault originates from the cosine signal circuit. The maintenance team follows the principle of simple to complex, and gradually checks the rotating transformer, sine/cosine signal circuit and excitation signal circuit, and finally locates and replaces the damaged drive motor position sensor. After the fault is solved, the vehicle returns to normal operation, which verifies the validity of diagnosis and elimination steps. The research not only solves the specific faults, but also provides valuable experience in fault diagnosis and elimination of electric vehicles, which has important reference value in the field of electric vehicle maintenance.

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Automatic Air Conditioning Refrigeration System Principle and Maintenance of the Great Wall Haval M6

LI Ning

2025, 50(5): 101-106,131. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.019

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With the improvement of people's requirements for car ride comfort and the integration of electronic technology, sensor technology, computer control and network technology, automatic air conditioning system has been widely used in some middle and high-end passenger cars, and its control principle has great changes compared with traditional manual air conditioning. Taking the Great Wall Harvard M6 as an example, this paper introduces the composition, basic refrigeration principle and control circuit principle of automatic air conditioning and refrigeration system, combined with typical fault cases such as automatic air conditioning system not cooling, and demonstrates from the aspects of fault phenomenon, fault cause analysis, fault diagnosis, principle hypothesis, principle verification, fault troubleshooting, summary reflection and so on. Through typical fault cases, the control principle of automatic air conditioning and refrigeration system is verified, the theoretical application ability is improved, the diagnostic ideas are established, and certain references are provided for teachers, students and maintenance technicians of automotive majors in vocational colleges.

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Exploration and Practice of the "Five-dimensional Integration" Talent Cultivation Mode in the Iterative Development of Automotive Technology

WU Jiafu, XU Yuliang, JIANG Zebiao, LI Jiang, CHEN Qipeng, HU Tao

2025, 50(5): 107-110. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.020

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With the rapid iteration of automotive technology, especially the transition from traditional fuel vehicles to electric and intelligent ones, the undergraduate education in automotive service engineering is facing new challenges and opportunities. This article is based on the "five-dimensional integration" educational concept, which systematically promotes the reform and practice of talent cultivation mode in terms of teaching, learning, research, practice, and evaluation. It discusses how to effectively cultivate undergraduate talents in automotive service engineering that meet the demands of the new era under the background of current automotive technology iteration.The practical evidence demonstrates that this talent cultivation model significantly enhances students' abilities. This model exhibits notable advantages in improving students' practical skills and innovative capabilities, as well as promoting their overall development.

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Discussion on the Case Base Construction for the Information Fusion Course in the Control Engineering Major

ZHOU Sili, ZHU Hongbo, SHEN Jinzhong

2025, 50(5): 111-114. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.021

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Taking the Information Fusion course for master's degree students majoring in control engineering at Anhui University of Science and Technology as an example, this paper discusses on the construction method and update mechanism of its case base system, providing teaching resources of "three types of knowledge points" and "twenty cases" in the frontier and hot fields of control science for students to deeply learn information fusion technology. This paper analyzes the necessity of the construction of the case base of the Information Fusion course, discusses on the goal and scope of the construction of the case base of this course and the construction of the case base system around the intelligent perception and path planning requirements of intelligent connected vehicle, and clarifies the update mechanism of the case base and the future promotion case base plan. The construction process and teaching practice of the case base show that the construction of the case base of the Information Fusion course is of great significance in enriching teaching resources, cultivating students' comprehensive quality and improving teaching quality.

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Research on the Improvement Path of Curriculum Ideological and Political Education Ability of Automotive Professional Teachers in Higher Vocational Colleges in the New Era －Based on the Investigation and Analysis of S College

YIN Ju

2025, 50(5): 115-120. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.022

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In order to study the improvement path of curriculum ideological and political education ability of automotive professional teachers in higher vocational colleges in the new era, this paper conducts an investigation and research on the current implementation situation of curriculum ideological and political education by automotive professional course teachers in S Vocational College through questionnaires, reviewing teaching plans, and class observations. The research finds that there are certain problems in the attitude of automotive professional course teachers towards curriculum ideological and political education and their ability to practice it. The paper puts forward an improvement suggestion from several aspects: strengthening the awareness of curriculum ideological and political education, improving their own ideological and political moral quality, integrating curriculum ideological and political education element resources matching with professional courses, and expanding the integration methods of curriculum ideological and political education, which provides a reference for automotive professional teachers in higher vocational colleges to enhance their curriculum ideological and political education ability.

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Thoughts on the Construction of Intelligent Connected Vehicle Major in Vocational Colleges

ZHAO Xiaolong, MA Cheng, LI Jianxin, WANG Feng, LU Yayun, BA Yinliang

2025, 50(5): 121-125. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.023

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Against the backdrop of global digitalization and informatization, intelligent connected vehicle have become a representative industry of the new round of technological revolution. Vocational colleges need to constantly think and explore how to meet the needs of the development of new industries through professional construction and talent cultivation. This article deeply analyzes the talent demand for the development of the intelligent connected vehicle industry, and explores the ideas and plans for the professional construction of intelligent connected vehicles from four dimensions: talent cultivation, curriculum implementation, teacher training, and base construction. The aim is to cultivate high-quality skilled talents who can adapt to the development of the industry and meet the requirements of professional positions.

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Research on the Education Model of New Energy Vehicle Technology Major in Higher Vocational Colleges

WEI Jie, YOU Zhuan

2025, 50(5): 126-131. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.024

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The new energy vehicle industry has risen to a national strategy and is in a stage of rapid development. It is facing a shortage of professional talents, especially high-quality technical and skilled talents with solid professional knowledge and practical skills. In order to actively make up for the gap in the demand for new energy vehicle professionals in regional industrial development, solve the problem of untimely transformation of new technologies, new processes, new methods and new standards into teaching content and loose connection between positions and courses, and at the same time, to achieve the fundamental goal of cultivating people with moral integrity, in view of the current scattered distribution, unclear goals, lack of systematicness and comprehensiveness of ideological and political education and labor education, a three-driven collaborative education model of "ideological and political immersion, labor mmpowerment, and integration of industry and education" is constructed to create a new energy vehicle industry city-level industry-education consortium, reconstruct the professional curriculum system, ideological and political system and labor system, and achieve good educational results after implementation, which has a promotion effect on the cultivation of talents in higher vocational new energy vehicle technology majors.

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Practice on Teaching Reform of Project-based Courses on New Energy Vehicle Maintenance and Upkeep

CHEN Yong1 , ZENG Xianyong1 , LI Xide1 , ZHONG Hong2 , LIN Yuan2

2025, 50(5): 132-136. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.025

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The New Energy Vehicle Maintenance and Upkeep course aims to train students' theoretical and practical operation ability of new energy vehicle maintenance and upkeep technology, so that they can have professional skills such as routine inspection, maintenance and parts replacement of new energy vehicles. However, traditional teaching emphasizes theory over practice, which leads to students' low interest in learning and lack of practical skills. Based on the typical work flow of new energy vehicle maintenance posts and docking with the national standards for new energy vehicles, the paper projects the course content and builds the teaching strategy of "three links, six steps and four fields" to stimulate students' learning drive and achieve good teaching results. It can provide reference for the curriculum reform of similar new energy vehicles.

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Practice of Blended Learning Mode Based on BOPPPS Model

ZHOU Die, DAI Longjiang, YANG Yiqun

2025, 50(5): 137-141. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.026

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This article explores in depth the practical application and effectiveness of the blended learning mode based on the BOPPPS model in the Fundamentals of Automotive Machinery course in vocational schools, analyzes the current problems that exists in the Fundamentals of Automotive Machinery course in vocational schools, studies the BOPPPS model and blended learning mode, and combines the two using the learning platform online teaching platform. A blended learning mode based on the BOPPPS model is designed, and teaching experiments are conducted using task three "automotive valve mechanism" of the Fundamentals of Automotive Machinery course in vocational schools as an example. The results indicate that blended learning based on the BOPPPS model not only enhances students learning interest and classroom participation, but also improves their independent thinking capacity and teamwork abilities, and provides useful references for the teaching reform of related courses.

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Research on Risk Prediction of Submarine Tunnel Traffic Accidents Based on the Bayesian Network

XING Ying, HU Xuefang, LIU Zimeng

2025, 50(5): 142-147. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.027

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In order to accurately predict the risk level of traffic accidents in the submarine tunnels and improve the safety of internal driving, by analyzing the 1 653 traffic accident samples that occurred in a certain submarine tunnel from 2013 to 2018, the risk factors of drivers, roads, environment, management and vehicles are obtained, a Bayesian network is constructed and the risk prediction method of traffic accidents is proposed based on the Bayesian network. This method utilizes the traffic accident data of the submarine tunnel from 2013 to 2018 for learning parameters to establish a Bayesian prediction model. The probability of the submarine tunnel traffic accident risk being in a major risk state is 3%, the probability of being in a high risk state is 4%, the probability of being in a general risk state is 14%, and the probability of being in a low-risk state is 79%. The accuracy of the model is verified through examples, and preventive measures are proposed for significant factors through sensitivity analysis to reduce the risk of submarine tunnel traffic accidents.

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Analysis of Access Rules for Vehicle Manufacturing Enterprises

WANG Lihua1 , WANG Fanghao1 , KANG Yichen2

2025, 50(5): 148-152. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.028

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The government implements an access permit management system for domestic vehicle manufacturing enterprises and their road vehicle products, accompanied by relevant policies and specific access permit regulations. This document analyzes the access permit requirements for vehicle manufacturing enterprises, covering both macro-level policies and specific regulations. It also provides a detailed explanation of the capacity-building measures required at each stage of the vehicle manufacturing process, from design and development to sales and service. By clarifying the national requirements for vehicle manufacturing enterprises, this analysis aims to prevent indiscriminate investments in establishing vehicle manufacturing enterprises and to enhance the efficiency of obtaining access permits.

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The Development Status and Trend of Vehicle Speed Prediction Model

ZHU Kaijia, WANG Haoran

2025, 50(5): 153-157,162. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.029

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Speed prediction can achieve the effective early warning of the potential hazards, optimizing traffic efficiency while reducing fuel consumption, and enhancing both drivers and passengers experience and safety. This paper takes the vehicle speed prediction model as the research object, and through the combination of literature investigation and data analysis, deeply compares and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the traditional and the latest vehicle speed prediction model, so as to provide reference for the subsequent research on vehicle speed prediction model.The results show that the multi-information coupled vehicle speed prediction model has become the trend of future research and development, and plays an increasingly important role in providing more accurate, reliable and real-time speed information for autonomous driving and intelligent transportation systems.

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Analysis of Issues and Solution Strategies for the Development of New Energy Vehicles in China

WANG Yangjie

2025, 50(5): 158-162. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.005.030

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This paper summarizes the development history of new energy vehicles in China and discusseed key issues facing the new energy vehicle industry, including technical bottlenecks that need to be overcome, insufficient charging infrastructure, product quality and safety issues, and the incomplete new energy vehicle industry chain. In order to effectively address these problems, proposals are made to accelerate key technological innovations for new energy vehicles in China, expedite the construction of charging infrastructure, strengthen and improve the supervision and monitoring system for new energy vehicles, optimize the construction and management of the supply chain for new energy vehicles in China, and outline a series of strategies and planning for the future development of new energy vehicles in China, looking forward to provide such guidance and reference for the sustainable development of the new energy vehicle industry in our country.

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