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14 November 2023, Volume 48 Issue 21 Previous Issue   
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New Energy Vehicle
Intelligent Connected Vehicle
Design and Research
Testing and Experiment
Process·Materials
Automobile Education
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New Energy Vehicle

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Analysis on Energy Management of Battery Electric Passenger Vehicles ZHANG Xiaofeng 2023, 48(21): 1-6.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.001 Abstract ( )   PDF (689KB) ( )   At present, the range anxiety is still one of the main complaints of battery electric passenger vehicles users. Based on the structure and characteristics of battery electric passenger vehicles, this paper analyzes three critical energy transfer paths (charging path, discharge path and energy recovery path) in actual driving scenarios. The optimization direction is put forward mainly from the aspects of charging loss, electric drive efficiency, drive shaft efficiency, brake caliper drag force, wheel hub bearing resistance moment, tire roll resistance, wind resistance, air conditioning load and low pressure load. It is intended to improve the actual driving range and reduce the user's range anxiety. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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PHEB Energy Consumption Analysis Based on Global Optimization Strategy WANG Duohui 2023, 48(21): 7-11.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.002 Abstract ( )   PDF (985KB) ( )   The performance of energy management between multiple power sources has a greater impact on the energy consumption of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Thus, this paper takes a plug-in hybrid electric bus as the research object, and uses the control strategy, dynamic programming (DP) strategy and pontryagin's minimum principle (PMP) strategy based on global optimization to calculate and analyze the energy consumption of the vehicle. Firstly, the vehicle model and sub-component model are established based on MATLAB, and the energy consumption under DP and PMP strategy is simulated and calculated under the Chinese typical urban bus driving cycle, and the energy consumption under traditional charge depleting-charge sustaining (CD-CS) strategy is compared. The results show that both the DP and PMP strategies can make the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery change almost linearly in the whole process, and achieve the overall optimal control effect. Compared with CD-CS strategy, the energy consumption of DP strategy is reduced by 15.12%, but the huge amount of computing is not negligible. Compared with the CD-CS strategy, the PMP strategy reduces the energy consumption by 14.28%, but it is difficult to determine the initial co-state variables. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Design and Analysis of Insulation Resistance of Cooling Circuit of Fuel Cell System LI Hongxin 2023, 48(21): 12-16.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.003 Abstract ( )   PDF (1339KB) ( )   In a fuel cell cooling system, the coolant is in direct contact with high-voltage electricity. To ensure high-voltage safety, it is necessary to ensure that the cooling system has a high insulation resistance value. This article analyzes the possible leakage components in the fuel cell cooling system in order to improve the insulation performance of the fuel electric cooling system. By designing insulation protection for the intercooler and plate heat exchanger in the fuel cell cooling system, the possibility of leakage in the cooling system is eliminated, and the high-voltage safety performance of the fuel cell system is well improved, providing a reference for future fuel cell cooling circuit design, better protect personal safety. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Intelligent Connected Vehicle

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A Study on the Detection of Pallet Hole Location Using YOLO DU Kaiyuan 2023, 48(21): 17-20.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.004 Abstract ( )   PDF (1497KB) ( )   In the logistics industry, while unmanned forklifts is gradually being applied. A very important feature of unmanned forklifts is the ability to detect the position of the pallet holes used for loading, so that the forklift can insert the pallets to transport the cargo. Machine learning algorithms are widely used to automatically detect the position of an object, such as the location of a hole. This paper describes the development of a deep learning approach to identifying the position of pallet holes using YOLO and Raspberry Pi. The model uses the YOLOv5 model, and the model is trained with a self-built pallet dataset, and the algorithm is deployed into an embedded device to achieve pallet hole recognition. The experimental results show that the recognition accuracy of pallet hole is around 88% while meeting the real-time performance requirements, which is low cost and high speed compared to the main methods currently used in the industry. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Tightly Coupled SLAM Algorithm for Lidar and IMU WU Mingyue 2023, 48(21): 21-24.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.005 Abstract ( )   PDF (727KB) ( )   In recent years, the field of unmanned driving has become a hot topic of widespread concern, and the same time, simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) technology is the basis of high-precision map creation and unmanned vehicle navigation, and the current mainstream laser SLAM algorithm can basically meet the needs of applications, but there is still a drift problem in the process of large-scale scene mapping, and there is still room for improvement in algorithm lightweight and real-time. In this paper, the simultaneous localization and mapping algorithm of lidar and inertial measurement unit (IMU) tightly coupled is mainly studied, and the front-end part mainly removes distortion and feature extraction of laser point cloud data, and the back-end uses factor map to fuse IMU pre-integration factor, laser odometry factor and loopback detection factor for fusion pose output. In order to improve the real-time performance of the algorithm, this paper uses the iKD-Tree data structure to maintain a local map, and uses the Fast-generalized iterative closest point (GICP) algorithm to solve the loopback detection pose transformation. The test of Kitti's public dataset shows that the proposed algorithm improves the real-time and robustness of the algorithm while ensuring accuracy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Design and Research

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Research on Vehicle Lateral Control under Low Adhesion Road Surface SUN Qifeng 2023, 48(21): 25-29.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.006 Abstract ( )   PDF (829KB) ( )   The existing lateral control technology can ensure the vehicle running in a simple environment, but the path tracking effect is poor and the vehicle stability is low in the road environment with low adhesion coefficient. In order to solve this problem, the horizontal control of intelligent vehicle will be studied in this paper. In this paper, a two-layer lateral control algorithm using fuzzy synovial film control on the upper layer and fuzzy proportion integration differentiation (PID) control on the lower layer is designed. On the basis of enhancing the handling stability, the control effect of intelligent vehicle under low adhesion road surface is improved. The co-simulation form of MATLAB/Simulink and CarSim is used to verify its performance by selecting double line shifting condition and constant curvature condition. The simulation results show that the vehicle lateral controller designed in this paper has high path tracking accuracy and good driving stability. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Modal Optimization Design of a Passenger Car Brake Disc Based on Response Surface Method HE Daicheng 2023, 48(21): 30-35.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.007 Abstract ( )   PDF (6293KB) ( )   In order to obtain a lightweight passenger car brake disc structure that meets modal separation requirements, and also provide a theoretical basis for the modal optimization design and development of passenger car brake discs. Taking a passenger car brake disc as the research object, a modal finite element simulation analysis model of a passenger car brake disc is created. Taking the structural parameters of a passenger car brake disc as the design variables for modal optimization of the brake disc, an experimental design is conducted using the method of extensible lattice sequence. The kriging method is used to create a modal response surface analysis model for a passenger car brake disc, and then the genetic algorithm method is used to optimize the modal response surface analysis model for a passenger car brake disc. The results show that the brake disc obtained based on the response surface optimization method for a passenger car meets the modal separation requirements. The brake disc after optimization is 8.114 8 kg, the original mass before optimization is 9.739 kg. After optimization, it has been reduced by about 16.68%, with a significant lightweight effect. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Driving Torque Optimization Control Strategy of Pure Electric Mine Car Based on Load Variation WANG Yuanwang 2023, 48(21): 36-42.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.008 Abstract ( )   PDF (1981KB) ( )   Aiming at the problem that the conventional drive control strategy cannot cope with the load variation of pure electric mine car and the motor output torque cannot accurately express the driver's driving intention, this paper designs a torque optimization control strategy based on the fuzzy control theory. Firstly, the demand torque of pure electric mine car is divided into two parts: benchmark torque and dynamic compensation torque. The benchmark torque of pure electric mine car is determined by acceleration pedal opening, motor speed and load weight. The dynamic compensation torque is the output of driving intention fuzzy controller based on fuzzy control theory. The input of fuzzy controller is the deviation between expected speed and actual speed and the change rate of pedal opening. The actual demand torque of pure electric mine car is the sum of benchmark torque and dynamic compensation torque. The simulation model of driving control strategy of pure electric mine car is established in MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation results of optimized control strategy and traditional control strategy show that the optimized torque control strategy can effectively adapt to the load change of pure electric mine car, accurately identify the driver's driving intention, and improve the vehicle's power. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fracture Analysis and Improvement of Muffler Bracket Based on Vibration Test WANG Bing 2023, 48(21): 43-47.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.009 Abstract ( )   PDF (2137KB) ( )   The muffler bracket of a motorcycle broke during the 8 200 km road test. This paper through scientific vibration test and analysis from the perspective of noise, vibration, harshness (NVH), determines the cause of the muffler bracket fracture, and puts forward specific rectification measures to improve the motorcycle vibration. After rectification and optimization, the acceleration amplitude of the motorcycle muffler bracket has been reduced by 60%. At the same time, it has passed the road durability test of 20 000 km, proving the economy and practicability of the rectification scheme. The analysis and improvement methods in this paper can provide guidance for solving similar vibration problems in motorcycle muffler design. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the Impact of Injection Timing on the Performance of an N-Butanol Direct Injection Engine LIU Zengbin 2023, 48(21): 48-53.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.010 Abstract ( )   PDF (1684KB) ( )   To improve the suboptimal air-fuel mixture quality found when using n-Butanol fuel in direct injection engines, this study uses a specific engine model as an example and establishes a single-cylinder physical model with 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, based on the engine’s operational process. The study aims to analyze how various injection timings influence engine performance. The investigation reveals that advancing the injection timing, compared to delayed injection, provides more time for the air and fuel to mix, resulting in a better air-fuel mixture quality. Improved mixture quality leads to increased in-cylinder pressure and decreased emissions of CO, soot, and HC. However, it is imperative to note that this adjustment engenders an increment in the emission of NOX. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Vehicle Parameter Estimation Based on Extended Kalman Filter Algorithm XIONG Juncheng 2023, 48(21): 54-58.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.011 Abstract ( )   PDF (1147KB) ( )   In order to solve the problem of high cost of measurement of centroid side deflection angle by intelligent vehicle sensor, a low-cost measurement method using extended kalman filter (EKF) algorithm is proposed in this paper. Based on Dugoff tire model, a vehicle nonlinear two-degree- of-freedom simulation model is constructed in MATLAB/Simulink software. The state observer of vehicle parameters and tire side force is designed by using EKF, and an adaptive covariance matrix is designed to adapt to multi-operating conditions. The designed algorithm is verified by experimental simulation in a variety of typical working conditions, and the curve is compared with that of CarSim, the vehicle dynamics software, under the same working conditions, and the simulated value is basically consistent with the estimated value. The results show that the designed vehicle parameter estimation algorithm has good adaptability to multiple operating conditions and has certain practicability. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Design and Stiffness Analysis of Automobile Front Scuff Plate KUANG Jiangxiu 2023, 48(21): 59-62.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.012 Abstract ( )   PDF (1324KB) ( )   The front pedal in the cockpit belongs to the automotive interior system, and is the stepping platform for passengers to get on and off the automobile. This article introduces the design requirements of the front pedal in terms of manufacturing process, materials, surface antislip structure, human-machine layout requirements, and appearance, as well as the experimental verification of the rationality of the design that needs to be met during the trial production process of the front pedal, such as meeting the requirements for protrusions inside passenger automobile, combustion characteristics of automotive interior materials, and prohibited substances. Finally, finite element analysis software HyperMesh and ABAQUS are used to analyze the stiffness of the front pedal and calculate its deformation under an external force of 500 N. The results show that the deformation of the front pedal under the vertical load of 500 N is 0.36 mm, which meets the requirement of the company standard that the deformation should not exceed 0.5 mm, it can provide corresponding reference for the design and development of the front pedal of subsequent vehicle models. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Braking Noise Research and Case Analysis HUANG Yanqing 2023, 48(21): 63-66.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.013 Abstract ( )   PDF (1201KB) ( )   This paper describes the relevant mechanism of brake noise generation, research the classification of brake noise according to the frequency, and introduces the brake noise may be associated with chassis components and the typical occurrence scene of brake noise, the corresponding matching scheme is proposed. This paper according to the processing and analysis of three examples of braking noise problems, through the noise measurement, analyzes and confirms the frequency and vibration source, puts forward the optimization scheme. Through the combination of bench and real vehicle effect verification, finally effectively improve the actual braking noise problem, improve vehicle comfort, and then improve the competitiveness of automobile enterprises. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization of Shift Performance and Durability Robustness of Asymmetric Shift Fork of Transmission WEN Xinhai 2023, 48(21): 67-70.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.014 Abstract ( )   PDF (1765KB) ( )   The load distribution of the fork arms on both sides of the shift fork has a crucial impact on the shift performance and comfort of the gearbox. In this paper, according to the design requirements of the shift mechanism, the initial structure model of the shift mechanism is established and the finite element analysis is carried out. The finite element calculation results are used as the topology pre-input conditions. The topology optimization analysis of the initial structure of the shift fork is carried out by using the variable density isotropic material penalty model algorithm, and the optimal design structure of the shift fork is obtained. The part of the optimized design structure of the shift fork that does not meet the actual processing and manufacturing requirements is adjusted to obtain the final design structure of the shift fork. The numerical simulation analysis of the final design structure of the shift mechanism is carried out. Under the condition of limited design space of shifting mechanism, the load distribution of shifting fork arm is greatly optimized and the strength and durability life of shifting fork are improved. A design method for improving the robustness of asymmetric shifting fork of transmission is proposed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the Occupant Protection Performance for a Pickup Truck LIU Xiaodong 2023, 48(21): 71-76.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.015 Abstract ( )   PDF (1410KB) ( )   Under the 2024 version of the China new car assessment programme (C-NCAP), the occupant protection performance of a pickup truck is studied with the aim of improving the passive safety performance of the pickup truck. The occupant protection evaluation content of the C-NCAP for pickup truck model is analyzed, the passenger compartment space and body structure collision indicators of the pickup truck are compared with a variety of passenger cars, the performance of the restraint system under each collision condition of C-NCAP is simulated and analyzed, and the important problems of occupant protection are optimized combined with dummy injury. The research shows that the front and side space of the pickup truck occupants are sufficient, but the intrusion of the front working conditions is large, and the protection performance of the pickup truck occupants can be effectively improved through reasonable accelerator pedal, seat and airbag design. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Simulation Analysis for Body Frame Strength of a Pure Electric Commercial Vehicle YU Hanlin 2023, 48(21): 77-80.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.016 Abstract ( )   PDF (1421KB) ( )   The strength of the body skeleton has an important impact on vehicle design reliability and cruise safety. This paper uses HyperMesh software to conduct a numerical analysis of the strength characteristics of a pure electric commercial vehicle body skeleton. Through the software, a finite element model of the body skeleton based on shell elements is established, and the stress distribution of the commercial vehicle body skeleton under bending, torsion, braking, and turning conditions is calculated to determine whether there is local stress concentration in the skeleton and whether the structural fatigue limit is met. According to the calculation results, the model is optimized. The calculation results again show that the strength of the skeleton structure is within the yield limit of the material, and the overall stress margin is large, meeting the performance requirements. Numerical research provides technical support for vehicle design and optimization. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research and Optimization of the Liftgate Cavity Noise Issue on a SUV DU Li 2023, 48(21): 81-84.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.017 Abstract ( )   PDF (1568KB) ( )   During the wind noise driving evaluation of a sport utility vehicle (SUV) in the development stage, it is found that obvious abnormal noise from the rear area could be heard in the vehicle when the speed is above 90 km/h. It is diagnosed the noise is generated at gap between the liftgate and the roof panel, and then it is determined to be the problem of cavity noise by the structure. Aiming at the cavity noise issue, the principle of cavity noise is studied firstly. Then the schemes of spoiler structure, sealing strip, margin and flushness adjustment between the liftgate and the roof panel are studied. After batch verification, the method of adding sealing strip is selected to solve the problem. Finally, the lessons learned are summarized, and design standards are established for the development of subsequent models to avoid the liftgate cavity noise. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative Analysis of Turning Beam Suspension and E-type Four-link Suspension XU Xiaonan 2023, 48(21): 85-89.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.018 Abstract ( )   PDF (1681KB) ( )   There are many types of rear suspension for passenger cars, and a large number of mainstream rear suspension are torsion beam suspension and E-type four-link suspension, but there are certain differences between the two suspension forms in terms of layout space, price and performance. This paper compares and analyzes the two common rear suspension structures of mainstream vehicles, torsion beam suspension and E-type four-link suspension from the dimensions of structure, bearing capacity and performance. The results show that the turning beam suspension has advantages only in terms of trunk space and tire wear, while the E-type four-link suspension has advantages in bearing capacity, four-wheel drive space, handling stability and ride comfort. It is suggested that A0 and A class vehicles with cost priority should adopt economical torsion beam suspension. The A and B class, which prioritizes stability and comfort, use the more expensive E-type four-link suspension. The conclusion of this analysis provides a certain reference for the selection of the rear suspension type during automobile research and development. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Testing and Experiment

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Operational Transfer Path Analysis Based on the Mean Plus Window Periodogram Method AI Rui 2023, 48(21): 90-93.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.019 Abstract ( )   PDF (1242KB) ( )   In order to improve the low accuracy and data coupling in the practical application of operational transfer path analysis (OTPA), this paper proposes a method of OTPA based on the average plus window periodogram method. The time domain data of input and output responses are intercepted and analyzed by using the weighted function and namely window function, which enhances the periodicity of the Fourier transform of the signal, improves the leakage phenomenon in the frequency domain analysis of the data, and applies the truncated singular value decomposition method to decouple the input response signal to improve the accuracy of the transfer rate calculation. Finally, the improved transfer path analysis method is applied to the vibration analysis of the main driver's seat of an electric vehicle. The fitted response spectrum of the target point has a high degree of overlap with the real spectrum of the target point, and the main vibration sources are successfully identified, which provides a theoretical basis for the vibration reduction of the main driver's seat of an electric vehicle. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Prediction of Driver Head Injury in Frontal Collision DAI Jiao 2023, 48(21): 94-101.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.020 Abstract ( )   PDF (1501KB) ( )   In order to quickly predict the risk of head injury of occupants in road traffic accidents and solve the relationship between occupant injury and influencing factors, construct a driver-side injury prediction model based on modified whale optimization algorithm-back propagation (MWOA-BP) neural network. Select the minivan as the research model, the study condition is in frontal collision, and construct the injury prediction model which selects the initial velocity of the vehicle collision, seat belt use, and airbag deployment as inputs, and the driver's head abbreviated injury scale (AIS) as the prediction target. The MWOA-BP prediction model is trained, and the damage prediction effect is compared with the traditional back propagation (BP) neural network model. The results show that the MWOA-BP prediction model has good test effect, and the test accuracy is up to 90%. Combined with real accidents, the damage prediction model is applied to prove that the damage prediction model can be applied to actual accidents. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis and Improvement of Influence for Wavelength Value on Body Finish Paint YANG Dazhi 2023, 48(21): 102-105.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.021 Abstract ( )   PDF (2271KB) ( )   The appearance quality of the body is an important index parameter of the vehicle, and the problems are the most easily criticized by users. Based on the orange peel problem of the body finish paint of X model, this paper finds the the excessive long wave value is the cause of the orange peel after measuring the finish paint parameters of the model in question. Based on the production process, multiple factors affecting that may affect the wavelength value are analyzed and verified. It is found that the roughness of the left and right rear wing plates, the low humidity of the spray booth of the automatic station in the middle and the insufficient bonding rate of the external spraying robot cause the long wave value of the top paint for the X model and the orange peel problem. According to the three main reasons, the problem is solved by adjusting the parameters of the painting process, and the paper summarizes the process of problem generation, analysis and verification, which has a good reference for the solution of similar problems. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Modeling and Simulation Analysis of AMT Transmission Shift Synchronization Process WU Mingda 2023, 48(21): 106-110.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.022 Abstract ( )   PDF (1640KB) ( )   Using a heavy vehicle as the research object, the process of synchronizer is modeled and simulated. The process of shifting is analyzed from the perspective of vehicle kinematics and transmission dynamics, and a universal mathematical model of shifting synchronization is derived. Through the analysis and comparison of experimental data, it is verified that the model is representative. Therefore, the influence of each parameter on the shifting process is predicted, which provides a basis for the improvement of shifting parameters and the design of the control system. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization Design of Noise Reduction for Vehicle Generator TIAN Suqin 2023, 48(21): 111-114.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.023 Abstract ( )   PDF (1584KB) ( )   In this paper, the noise test of a certain type of vehicle alternator is carried out by using the silence chamber, and the LMS software is used to analyze the noise later, and the key level point is found to be 36 orders. According to this order point, the test scheme is established and the test data is analyzed. The main cause of generator stator vibration is determined, and the cause components affecting this order noise are found. Referring to the previous engineering experience, the generator is optimized, and the optimized generator is tested and verified, and finally improved. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Process·Materials

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Lightweight Design and 3D Printing Manufacturing of Shock Absorber Connectors Based on FDM CHEN Fude 2023, 48(21): 115-119.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.024 Abstract ( )   PDF (3571KB) ( )   With the rapid development of technology, people's demand for automotive products is also constantly changing. Using 3D printing and lightweight design has become a hot topic in the automotive manufacturing industry, and the combination of these two is of great significance for improving the competitiveness of the manufacturing industry. This paper conducts research on shock absorber connectors using 3D printing technology and inspire optimization design software, systematically studying structural optimization, slicing processing, parameter setting, model printing, and other aspects. It explores the key issues of product topology optimization design and the optimal printing parameters, laying a foundation and providing important references for the lightweight design and efficient manufacturing and molding research of products. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Photovoltaic Cell Robot Typesetting System Based on C# LIU Liangbin 2023, 48(21): 120-125.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.025 Abstract ( )   PDF (2208KB) ( )   In order to solve the problems in the series typesetting of photovoltaic cells, such as the position deviation of photovoltaic cells on the conveyor belt after series welding, the position of photovoltaic cells after placing on the substrate needs to be fine-tuned, the high failure rate of traditional truss typesetting machine, the difficulty of debugging, and the occupation of production time. This paper proposes the solution of robot replacing truss typesetting machine. RobotStudio simulation software is used to design a simulation workstation. In the workstation, the positioning camera positioned the photovoltaic cell string on the conveyor belt, and guided the IRB1300 robot to grab the battery string and put it on the substrate; The correction camera locates the battery on the substrate, and the IRB920 robot corrects the battery. In order to verify the robot's grasp and release of batteries with position deviation, IS2000-230 is used to locate photovoltaic cells and update the position of photovoltaic cells in the simulation workstation in real time. At the same time, the upper computer system based on C# is developed to realize the monitoring and real-time adjustment of the robot system. The scheme realizes the typesetting and correcting of battery string by the industrial robot with high reliability, which can reduce the overall failure rate and improve the reliability of the system. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Corrosion Behavior of SPHC Steel under Simulated Vehicle Dynamic Conditions CHEN Wei 2023, 48(21): 126-130.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.026 Abstract ( )   PDF (2394KB) ( )   In this paper, the corrosion rate of steel plate heat-commercial (SPHC) steel after running in temperature and humidity in the dynamic driving process of a car is analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the microscopic morphology of the rust layer of SPHC steel after 7 days, 11 days and 15 days of testing is used to initially explore the corrosion change rule of SPHC steel under specific working conditions. The results show that the corrosion rate of SPHC steel spraies with 3% NaCl per day is higher than that of 0.5% NaCl under simulated vehicle dynamic conditions, but the corrosion rate of both steel shows the same trend of nonlinear change with the test time. When the test time is from 1 to 7 days, the corrosion rate first increases sharply, and the surface and middle of rust layer have a large number of cracks, which is the initial accelerated corrosion at this time. When the test time reached 11 days, the corrosion rate drops to the low point, and the rust layer is relatively dense, which enhanced the corrosion resistance of SPHC steel. When the test time reached 15 days, the corrosion rate rises the high point again. At this time, the rust layer peels off, the matrix is severely corroded, and the corrosion resistance is the worst. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Design of the Accurate Hot-fit-tooth for the Countershaft of the Heavy Truck Transmission ZHANG Yaguang 2023, 48(21): 131-137.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.027 Abstract ( )   PDF (1546KB) ( )   The countershaft is one of the core components of the transmission, which requires high accuracy and is difficult to assemble. Hot fitting process is widely used in the industry to gears assembly. However, how to ensure accuracy while being compatible with multiple models and achieve rapid production change. It has long been an industry challenge. In response to this problem, the article has developed a set of high-precision hot-fit-tooth methods and mechanisms for highly flexible countershaft, which has been applied to batch production. It ensures accuracy while being compatible with multiple models, and achieves rapid production change, and is suitable for highly flexible automated production lines. This article provides a detailed introduction of this process method and mechanism for reference in the same industry. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Automobile Education

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Study on the Application of Case-based Teaching in Mechanics Course －Take Vehicle Engineering Major as an Example QIN Xuan 2023, 48(21): 138-141.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.028 Abstract ( )   PDF (1197KB) ( )   The major learning courses offered for the vehicle engineering major include Theoretical Mechanics, Mechanics of Materials, Fundamentals and Applications of Finite Element Method, Fundamentals of Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) Software Application, Vibration Theory, the research content of each course is progressing layer by layer. This article introduces the construction process and the implementation plans of a case base that highlights the characteristics of automobiles and runs through the entire process of cultivating mechanical qualities. The results show that, diversified teaching mode combined with case-type teachingthe can enhance students' interest in learning, immerse students in the analysis and calculation of practical problems in vehicle design and manufacturing and help students understand the connotation of vehicle engineering, cultivate students' engineering literacy and improve the innovation capacity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research and Practice on the Teaching of the Course of Automobile and Tractor Science Coordinated by Cooperative Teaching of Farming and Reading Education and Professional Knowledge Education LU Zhixiong 2023, 48(21): 142-147.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.029 Abstract ( )   PDF (1269KB) ( )   Cooperative teaching of farming and reading education and professional knowledge education is one of the effective ways to cultivate the mission of strengthening agriculture and promoting agriculture and the feelings of knowing and loving agriculture among college students involved in agriculture. Taking the course of automobile and tractor science as the research object, this paper analyzes the existing problems and solutions of professional knowledge education, discusses the purpose, educational goal and connotation of farming and reading education, probes into the realization path of farming and reading education in the teaching and construction of automobile and tractor science, and puts forward the cooperative teaching concept of farming and reading education and professional knowledge education. The teaching design scheme and teaching reform measures of the course automobile and tractor science based on the cooperation of farming and reading education and professional knowledge education have been developed to cultivate students' hands-on ability and analytical ability to solve complex problems, and improve the teaching effect of the course. Cooperative teaching of farming and reading education and professional knowledge education can provide an effective method for agricultural colleges and universities to deepen the education and teaching reform of professional courses and expand the form of talent development. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the Cultivation of Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talents for Automobile Major in Local Universities WEI Jiapei 2023, 48(21): 148-151.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.030 Abstract ( )   PDF (1095KB) ( )   With the rapid development of economy and science and technology, the demand for innovative and entrepreneurial talents is also increasing. Strengthening the cultivation of innovative and entrepreneurial talents is an important strategic plan of the country, and deepening the reform of innovation and entrepreneurial education is an important means to cultivate innovative talents. There are many deficiencies in the talent training process of automobile majors in local colleges and universities. It is difficult to meet the social demand for innovative and entrepreneurial talents, which seriously affects the quality of talent training. Practice has proved that, combined with specialty and discipline characteristics, through optimizing training programs, strengthening curriculum ideology and politics, innovating classroom forms, creating an innovative atmosphere, formulating targeted assessment mechanism, actively carrying out scientific innovation classroom, strengthening the construction of teachers, improving the comprehensive quality of teachers, building teaching resources, strengthening practical teaching, strengthening school-enterprise cooperation and other measures to improve the teaching of automobile major. The deep integration of specialized innovation can effectively improve the training quality of automotive professional innovative and entrepreneurial talents. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Research and Practice of Ideological and Political Construction of Automotive Professional Courses －Taking Automobile Theory as an Example YANG Song 2023, 48(21): 152-156.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.031 Abstract ( )   PDF (988KB) ( )   To comprehensively promote the ideological and political construction of curriculum is the necessary meaning and essential content of talents training in colleges and universities. As the basic carrier of curriculum ideological and political construction, how to achieve the silent effect of education is a problem that every professional course teacher must face and think about. Taking automotive majors as the starting point, this paper expounds the significance of introducing curriculum ideology and politics into the teaching of automotive majors, analyzes the common problems existing in the ideological and political construction of automotive majors, builds a systematic implementation path for the ideological and political construction of automotive majors, and takes the automotive theory course of vehicle engineering majors as an example to carry out targeted design and practice. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Realistic Dilemma and Breakthrough Path of Cultivating Automotive Insurance Talents in Undergraduate Vocational Colleges PENG Bo 2023, 48(21): 157-162.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.032 Abstract ( )   PDF (1264KB) ( )   In recent years, with the continuous introduction of favorable policies for vocational education by the country, vocational education at the undergraduate level has ushered in new development opportunities. However, in the process of development, vocational education in the field of automobile insurance faces difficulties in talent cultivation, such as unclear training objectives, unreasonable practical training plans, lack of practicality among professional teachers, disconnection between curriculum structure and actual work in automobile insurance, and lack of resources to support professional teaching reform. This paper applies the outcome-based education (OBE) teaching model to the teaching reform of the automotive insurance major at the vocational undergraduate level, with the core competencies required for students' career development as the goal of talent cultivation in the school. The results are evaluated, and a continuous improvement mechanism is established. The aim is to explore a breakthrough path for the cultivation of automotive insurance professional undergraduate talents under outcome-based education, focusing on new and complex undergraduate level vocational education research, Improve the applicability of vocational education and better serve the development of the regional insurance industry References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Ideological Political Curriculum Construction and Practice of Automobile Construction with the OBE Idea YAO Yongyu 2023, 48(21): 163-166.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.033 Abstract ( )   PDF (1284KB) ( )   Around the school talent training orientation, aiming at the problems existing in the course construction, taking the automobile construction course as an example, the implementation plan is designed and elaborated in detail. By adopting the "three vertical and three horizontal" education model, the curriculum teaching is fully integrated into the curriculum thinking and politics, and the assessment method is changed, and the quantitative and non-quantitative methods are used to evaluate the curriculum objectives that are not easy to quantify. The concept of outcome based education (OBE) is closely combined with the curriculum thinking and politics, and the goal of joint education is realized. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction Significance and Application for Virtual Experimental Platform of Automotive Hydraulic Transmission ZHANG Zhiming 2023, 48(21): 167-172.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.034 Abstract ( )   PDF (1058KB) ( )   The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has bestowed upon higher education a new historical mission and development pattern. In order to meet the major needs of training engineering practical ability of vehicle engineering professionals under the background of national "three new and one high" and automobile "new four modernizations", there are common problems such as insufficient experimental teaching conditions, single means and poor education effect in traditional practice teaching of automobile major hydraulic transmission course. The construction and development of virtual teaching experimental platform for automotive hydraulic transmission is an effective solution at present. Through extensive research at home and abroad, this paper summarizes many practical problems objectively existing in the practical teaching of hydraulic transmission course at present, systematically summarizes the development of virtual simulation technology at home and abroad, as well as the technical status in the application of experimental teaching, and puts forward the suggestion significance of the virtual experiment teaching platform of automotive hydraulic transmission. The specific requirements and practical application effects of the construction of the virtual experiment teaching platform for automotive hydraulic transmission are clarified, which provides effective guidance for the construction content and function development of the virtual experiment platform for automotive hydraulic transmission, and has positive reference significance for the realization of a new curriculum teaching model that integrates the basic course of hydraulic transmission specialty with the education of engineering practice. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Key Technology of Machine Vision for Intelligent Driving Vehicle FAN Jing 2023, 48(21): 173-178.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.035 Abstract ( )   PDF (1510KB) ( )   The key technologies of machine vision for intelligent driving vehicle are studied in this paper. Machine vision technology is composed of three parts: image acquisition, image processing and image analysis. Firstly, it introduces the whole procedure of the image acquisition, focuses on the analysis of the characteristics of charge coupled device (CCD) image sensor and complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor and their working principles. Furthermore, the application of image acquisition card based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) and digital singnal processor (DSP) has been investigated. Secondly, the key technologies of the image processing, including the region of interest extraction, image gray processing, image filtering denoising and edge detection are studied. Thirdly, in terms of the image analysis technology, the traditional digital image recognition technology and deep learning-based image recognition technology are compared. Combined with the research results of this paper, the future development trend of intelligent driving vehicle machine vision technology is prospected, and the development ideas of artificial intelligence, vehicle networking, vehicle communication system and multi-sensor are expounded. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Detection Methods for Fatigue Driving CHEN Jianzhe 2023, 48(21): 179-186.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.036 Abstract ( )   PDF (1262KB) ( )   Fatigue driving is an important factor that induces traffic accidents, and it is of great research value and social significance to study how to quickly and accurately identify the fatigue state of drivers and provide fatigue warning before accidents occur to prevent fatigue driving and promote traffic safety. This paper introduces fatigue detection methods based on driver's physiological characteristics, vehicle behavior characteristics and driver's facial characteristics in comparison from the principle of fatigue detection, and analyzes the current status of research on fatigue driving detection based on machine vision and its characteristics, in order to provide new ideas for researchers. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Startup-shutdown Conditions for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell in Vehicles LIU Na 2023, 48(21): 187-191.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.037 Abstract ( )   PDF (1123KB) ( )   Service life is the major issue which limits the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The complex driving conditions of vehicles accelerate the aging of fuel cell, therefore a comprehensive understanding of the performance degradation mechanism of PEMFC is needed in various driving conditions to facilitate its commercialization. This paper mainly discusses the background and advances of the related research on startup-shutdown conditions, analyzes the gas distribution of fuel cell in startup-shutdown process, and summarizes the main mechanisms leading to the performance degradation of fuel cell. Finally, this article introduces mitigation strategies for startup-shutdown conditions, including material improvement and system control, for solving the PEMFC performance degradation problem and improving fuel cell lifetime. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Case of Characteristic Building on City Bus Appearance in Ethnic Regions of China ZHANG Yuliang 2023, 48(21): 192-198.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.021.038 Abstract ( )   PDF (9636KB) ( )   Trying to integrate regional ethnic elements based on the appearance of city buses, so as to create more tourism attractions for the local, and as the sane time beautifying the environment and enhancing the ethnic cultural atmosphere of the city. This paper analyzes the current situation and ways for improvement of city buses appearance in ethnic, including serious homogenization, insufficient coordination with the urban environment, also lack of period feeling. The design practice is carried out for Huhehot city through questionnaire survey and hierarchical evaluation, mongolian yurts are extracted as local ethnic characteristics to be combined into appearance of bus in Huhehot city, also combining hydrogen fuel of new energy as function which is taking for driving force. Summarizing process and ways for creating distinctive appearance of city buses in ethnic regions, for assisting development of local tourism industry by city buses. References | Related Articles | Metrics