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15 May 2023, Volume 48 Issue 9 Previous Issue   
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New Energy Vehicle
Intelligent Connected Vehicle
Design and Research
Testing and Experiment
Process and Equipment
Automobile Education
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New Energy Vehicle

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Simulation and Analysis of Power Performance of Pure Electric Vehicles Based on MATLAB LI Kai 2023, 48(9): 1-5.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.001 Abstract ( )   PDF (638KB) ( )   Power performance is the most basic and important performance of pure electric vehicles. Modeling and simulation analysis of the whole vehicle power of pure electric vehicles is of great significance to improve the design level of new energy vehicles. In this paper, the maximum speed, acceleration ability and climbing ability are selected as the power evaluation indicators of pure electric vehicles and the power model of pure electric vehicles is established. Then the model is simulated by MATLAB to obtain the power simulation curve of pure electric vehicles. Finally, the main factors affecting the power of pure electric vehicles are analyzed. The results show that motor peak power and air drag coefficient are the main factors affecting the power performance of pure electric vehicles. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Insulation Resistance Detection Method for Battery Management System YANG Shoujian 2023, 48(9): 6-11.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.002 Abstract ( )   PDF (846KB) ( )   The insulation performance between the high-voltage battery of electric vehicles and the vehicle body affects the reliability of vehicle operation and the personal safety of drivers and passengers. The resistance value of insulation resistance reflects the insulation performance of electrical equipment. Traditional passive detection methods of insulation resistance can only quickly determine the trend of insulation resistance changes between the positive and negative poles of high-voltage batteries and the ground of the vehicle body, but cannot calculate the insulation resistance value, and there is even a risk of not being able to identify faults. The paper proposes an active insulation detection method based on a full bridge isolation detection circuit, which can accurately calculate the equivalent insulation resistance value of the positive and negative poles of the high-voltage battery to the vehicle body ground. By preset insulation resistance thresholds and fault diagnosis mechanisms, the occurrence of insulation faults is determined, and the feasibility of the detection method is further verified through Simulink simulation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Extrusion Failure Evaluation and Protection Countermeasures of High Voltage Cables in Vehicle Crash DENG Shanliang 2023, 48(9): 12-17.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.003 Abstract ( )   PDF (2041KB) ( )   With the increasing number of new energy vehicles, and the safety of the high-voltage circuit in the crash conditions has attracted more and more attention. For new energy vehicles in the development of collision safety performance, how to evaluate the high tension line harness insulation failure and determine the protection measures of this problem, this paper puts forward a subsystem for the high tension wire harness extrusion condition test method, the method can effectively determine the high voltage line harness, and its commonly used protection measures in different extrusion conditions can withstand the insulation failure limit load. At the same time, the design diameter is 30 mm, 60 mm and 120 mm, and taking the 50 mm 2 high voltage harness as an example, the insulation failure limit load is obtained by this method, so as to provide basis and guidance for the design protection of the high voltage harness in the crash condition. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization on Location of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations — Taking Shanghai Pudong New Area as an Example CAO Qian 2023, 48(9): 18-22.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.004 Abstract ( )   PDF (673KB) ( )   In recent years, electric vehicles have become more and more popular among automobile consumers. However, the electric vehicle charging stations, is slightly behind in both quantity and distribution. This paper takes Shanghai Pudong New Area as an example. Based on the maximum covering location model with the goal of maximizing the service range of electric vehicle charging stations, and LINGO is used to solve the model to obtain the optimal electric vehicle charging station site construction plan. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Thermal Management Analysis of Exhaust System of Extended Range Hybrid Vehicle SUN Xiaogang 2023, 48(9): 23-28.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.005 Abstract ( )   PDF (1689KB) ( )   With the development of the automobile industry and the proposal of the national “carbon neutral” strategy, new energy vehicles have become more popular, but the frequent occurrence of spontaneous combustion and other thermal accidents of new energy vehicles has caused consumers to doubt their reliability. How to improve vehicle reliability and reduce vehicle thermal damage risk has become the focus of research and development personnel. Based on a project of the extended-range hybrid vehicle development, through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation analysis and thermal balance test, the temperature field of exhaust system and its peripheral components are studied, and found that the insulation of heat transfer, by using the heat shield, can effectively reduce the exhaust system thermal pollution impact on the surrounding parts, reduce the risk of the vehicle thermal pollution. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Simulation and Analysis of Battery Heat Dissipation Model Based on CFD ZHANG Xiaofan 2023, 48(9): 29-34.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.006 Abstract ( )   PDF (1674KB) ( )   Thermal management of the battery pack in electric vehicles is very important, and the heat can be dissipated in time to maintain the stability of the battery pack temperature, which can solve the problem of spontaneous combustion explosion of electric vehicles to a large extent. In this paper, a battery air-cooled heat dissipation structure is designed, and a heat dissipation structure with better heat dissipation is obtained by performing a series of optimized designs for serial and parallel air channels. Through the modeling and simulation analysis of ANSYS Fluent software, the structure optimization is carried out by attaching the heat dissipation hole, improving the position of the air inlet and the inclination angle, and the results show that the heat dissipation and structure are optimal when the inclination angle of the air inlet is 8°, and the heat generation is that the maximum temperature difference of the battery pack is 3.9 ℃, the maximum temperature is 33.7 ℃, and the minimum temperature is 29.8 ℃ under the 1 C charging rate. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Intelligent Connected Vehicle

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Strategy Optimization of the Identification Ability of Traffic Jam Assist System GAN Jiannan 2023, 48(9): 35-39.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.007 Abstract ( )   PDF (832KB) ( )   Traffic jam assist (TJA) system is one kind of intelligent driving assistance system, which can provide vertical and horizontal assistance for drivers in the case of traffic jams, and pave the way for future advanced unmanned driving.Now, in view of the situation that the matching system model has followed the preceding vehicle through the intersection scenario, and the steering is corrected in a serpentine shape or a sharp direction due to recognition delay after the vehicle enters the lane, this paper starts from the three aspects of factor analysis, strategy optimization and real vehicle verification, to eliminate the occurrence of such problems in the matching process, improve the safety and reliability of subsequent matching system models, and provide a certain design basis for subsequent driverless solutions, which will have a certain impact on the improvement of model brand power. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Automatic Parking Perception System Based on Ultrasonic Sensor and Millimeter Wave Radar YAN Libo 2023, 48(9): 40-44.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.008 Abstract ( )   PDF (1459KB) ( )   In order to improve the situation that the detection range of the perception system based on ultrasonic is insufficient and can’t provide the warning of rear-ending vehicles. An automatic parking perception system based on ultrasonic sensor and millimeter wave radar is proposed by analyzing the principle of detection and parameter characteristics. The perception system solution uses shortrange-radar as a rear detection sensor to expand the detection range behind the vehicle and improve the safety of parking. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the Control Strategy of Automatic Following System Based on Dedicated Short Range Communication Technology LIN Zhichao 2023, 48(9): 45-49.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.009 Abstract ( )   PDF (1025KB) ( )   For the following and cruise functions, the sensor accuracy is limited and the communication between vehicles is isolatesd, which affect the following efficiency and safety. To overcome this problem, this paper applies the dedicated short-range communication technology to establish an automatic following system based on vehicle-to-vehicle cooperation, which could realize the real-time sharing and interaction of key state information between the host vehicle and lead vehicles. A set of automatic following control strategy is designed and developed to improve the efficiency and safety of vehicle following system. The real vehicle test shows that the automatic following system based on dedicated short-range communication technology can effectively realize the vehicle following function and the whole periods of automatic following are stable and reasonable. And the automatic following control strategy can control the host vehicle to follow the lead vehicle compactly and safely within a safe distance in real time. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Simulation of Lateral Path Follower Control Algorithm for Autonomous Vehicles XU Hao 2023, 48(9): 50-54.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.010 Abstract ( )   PDF (1033KB) ( )   Aiming at the trajectory following control technology of autonomous vehicles, the path following control based on optimal pre-aiming theory is studied in this paper, the vehicle two-degree of freedom model and the pre-target error model are established, and the model predictive control (MPC) trajectory following controller is designed to improve the following accuracy. Using the CarSim-Simulink joint simulation, the simulation results show that the algorithm strategy can stably track the lateral path. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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An End-of-line Testing Scheme for the Automotive High-precision Positioning System CAI Zhijun 2023, 48(9): 55-58.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.011 Abstract ( )   PDF (892KB) ( )   With the popularization and development of advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) related applications such as vehicle-to-everything, the role of automotive high-precision positioning systems has become increasingly critical. Only by ensuring the accuracy of vehicle positioning can we ensure the accuracy of many ADAS and intelligent driving related scenarios. This paper proposes a complete end-of-line testing scheme for the current mainstream automotive highprecision positioning system, which can cover the core functions of the system (real time kinematic and inertial navigation system) while checking its potential problems in time, thereby effectively improving the reliability of the automotive high-precision positioning system after mass production. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Longitudinal Acceleration Control of Intelligent Vehicle Following Autonomous Driving Based on MFAPC TAN Yuhang 2023, 48(9): 59-65.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.012 Abstract ( )   PDF (1214KB) ( )   Aiming at the problems of nonlinearity and external interference in the longitudinal dynamics of intelligent driving vehicles, a model-free adaptive predictive control (MFAPC) vehicle longitudinal acceleration control algorithm based on compact format is proposed, and simulation is carried out. Feed-forward control improves response and compensates for the nonlinear characteristics of the system; The MFAPC algorithm does not rely on the exact model of the controlled system, but only utilizes the input/output data of the controlled system. Feed-forward control works in synergy with MFAPC feedback control to enable fast and accurate tracking of desired acceleration. Finally, by comparing with the proportion integration differentiation (PID) control algorithm, the proposed control method can still have good performance in the case of external interference. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Design and Research

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Multi-axle Steering Mechanism Design and Parameter Optimization of Special Vehicles CHEN Qing 2023, 48(9): 66-69.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.013 Abstract ( )   PDF (1160KB) ( )   According to the basic principles of Ackerman steering, when the special vehicles realizes the steering function, all steering wheels are required to do pure rolling and no sliding, but in practice, all wheels cannot fully meet the theoretical requirements, and only through a certain mechanical transmission mechanism can the wheel steering characteristics be as close as possible to the ideal curve. According to the design requirements, this paper matches and designs the parameters of multi-axis automotive steering system, uses CATIA modeling software to establish a structural model, and then establishes a multi-axis steering mechanism motion model through multibody dynamics simulation software ADAMS, parametrically treats the coordinates of the mechanism connection point, sets the absolute value of the theoretical angle and actual angle difference of each wheel as the target function, and optimizes it to solve the actual engineering design problem. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Finite Element Simulation and Analysis of Bionic Door Beam ZUO Xiangqian 2023, 48(9): 70-74.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.014 Abstract ( )   PDF (2196KB) ( )   In order to improve the crashworthiness of the car door, the bionic design of the car door beam is carried out in order to solve the problem of high proportion and great harm of side impact in automobile traffic accidents. Based on the structural bionics and mechanical theory, four bionic models are designed by using the distribution characteristics of vascular bundles of wheat straw and imitating the microstructure of cross-section of wheat straw. Using the finite element software ANSYS, the bending, torsion and bending torsion combined deformation of the door beam prototype and its bionic model are simulated and analyzed. The results show that the bionic model four has better mechanical properties in the simulation analysis of the three deformations. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Design and Finite Element Analysis of Automobile Front Bumper GAO Weiwei 2023, 48(9): 75-78.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.015 Abstract ( )   PDF (1579KB) ( )   Automobile front bumper is an important part of modern automobile structure, which integrates safety and decoration, and the rationality of its design is of great significance to automobile research and development. This paper introduces the composition of the automobile front bumper and the material selection of each component, and also summarizes the matching structural design of the front bumper and peripheral parts such as center grill and fender, in order to provide reference for the subsequent similar structural design. At the same time, according to the cracking or fracture of the front bumper feedback by customers of previous models, the strength of the front bumper based on the external vibration frequency response is analyzed by using the finite element analysis software HyperMesh and Nastran. The analysis results show that under the corresponding frequency, the maximum stress of the front bumper beam and mounting bracket is less than the yield strength of the material, which verifies that the previous bumper design meets the requirements, avoiding the subsequent tooling repair cost of the front bumper due to cracking or fracture of the front bumper. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Functional Design of Panoramic Sunroof of a Vehicle HUANG Ke 2023, 48(9): 79-82.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.016 Abstract ( )   PDF (1055KB) ( )   With the development of the automotive electronic and electrical industry and the urgent needs of consumers for intelligence, intelligent networking has become a hot topic in the automotive industry in recent years, and the panoramic sunroof as a traditional auto part has gradually rejuvenated its new life, and has begun to move from simple structural components to electrification and networking, and the addition of new forces to build cars has accelerated the pace of intelligence. The main research object of the paper is the functional design of a model of panoramic sunroof, the paper stipulates the system scheme, hardware and local interconnect network (LIN) input and output interface scheme of the panoramic sunroof, and elaborates on the switch logic, remote control function, voice control function, remote control window closing function, linkage logic requirements of the sunroof glass and sunshade, and at the same time, the performance requirements of the panoramic sunroof are clearly required, and the panoramic sunroof designed in the paper is diverse and intelligent, and there are a variety of control methods to achieve the needs of users. It has certain reference significance for the functional design of the panoramic sunroof of subsequent models. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Prediction and Optimization of Weld Failure of a Bracket Based on Finite Element Method LI Dengbo 2023, 48(9): 83-87.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.017 Abstract ( )   PDF (1705KB) ( )   In order to analyze and improve the local cracking of the welding seam of the air conditioning support of a domestic off-road vehicle during the high-altitude drop impact test, this paper establishes the model of the air conditioning support and the welding seam of an off-road vehicle with UG three-dimensional software, and uses Ansys Workbench software to analyze and predict the welding seam strength of the air conditioning support during the high-altitude drop impact test. The possible parts of weld failure are found out, a design idea of capping stiffeners is proposed and the structure of local joints is optimized and improved. The analysis results show that the local stress of the improved weld is reduced by 49.9%～71.5% in the drop test, and the safety factor is significantly improved, which will increase the reliability and service life of the support, and the improvement measures are effective through physical verification. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis and Optimization of Positioning Parameters of Vehicle Multi-link Rear Suspension CHEN Lijie 2023, 48(9): 88-92.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.018 Abstract ( )   PDF (1384KB) ( )   In order to improve the performance of wheel positioning parameters of rear suspension, a multi-body dynamic model of multi-link independent rear suspension is established based on the multi-link independent rear suspension of an sport utility vehicle (SUV). Firstly, the sensitivity analysis of rear suspension wheel positioning parameters is carried out to find the suspension hard point coordinates with the highest sensitivity to the positioning parameters. Secondly, based on the unified objective method and monte carlo method, the hard point coordinates with the highest sensitivity are taken as the design variables and the suspension positioning parameters with the least variation are taken as the optimization objectives for optimization analysis. Compared with the optimization results of rear suspension wheel positioning parameters, the variation range of camber and toe angle is significantly reduced. Through dynamic modeling and analysis, the kinematic performance of multi-link rear suspension is improved. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Electromagnetic Compatibility Design Scheme of Communication Vehicle YANG Yang 2023, 48(9): 93-97.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.019 Abstract ( )   PDF (1221KB) ( )   With the rapid development of information technology, the communication system has been severely tested in an extremely complex electromagnetic environment composed of various electromagnetic signals. As a new generation of vehicle-mounted communication unit, how to effectively avoid the electromagnetic interference in the complex vehicle-mounted communication system and ensure smooth communication has become one of the urgent problems to be solved. Based on the full analysis of the electromagnetic interference elements of the new multi-channel communication vehicle, this paper puts forward the electromagnetic compatibility design scheme of the new multi-channel communication vehicle. Through the electromagnetic compatibility design of antenna layout, equipment layout, wiring, filtering, grounding and shielding, the electromagnetic interference of vehicle-mounted communication unit is effectively reduced, and the communication quality of communication vehicles is guaranteed. It also provides a design idea and a method worthy of reference for the electromagnetic compatibility design of other similar communication vehicles. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Design of a Vehicle Dynamic Test Trajectory Description System CHEN Changqian 2023, 48(9): 98-103.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.020 Abstract ( )   PDF (1863KB) ( )   Description of vehicle dynamic test trajectory is an important step in vehicle detection.In this paper, based on the analysis of the existing sampling methods to describe the vehicle dynamic test trajectory, a vehicle dynamic trajectory tracing system based on programmable logic controller (PLC) is designed, which using the liquid injection method. The Taguchi method is used to analyze the design parameters, and the influences of nozzle diameter, flow rate of proportional valve and nozzle height on the trajectory width and trajectory blur time are studied when the road surface, test temperature range and vehicle speed have been set. The system has the characteristics of controllable flow rate of jet fluid with the speed, adjustable track line width, instant on and off, simple operation, etc., which brings great convenience and accuracy for the description of vehicle dynamic trajectory References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Body Assembly Analysis Based on GABP Algorithm LUO Liuxiang 2023, 48(9): 104-108.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.021 Abstract ( )   PDF (1185KB) ( )   Reasonable body assembly tolerance allocation can be balanced between product quality requirements and production cost constraints. A hybrid algorithm based on genetic algorithm (GA) and back propagation (BP) neural network is proposed to generate and optimize the assembly sequence of compliant components. Assembly modeling is proposed to describe assembly geometry, which includes three groups of parts, relations between parts and joints. Based on assembly modeling, assembly sequences are represented as individuals, which are assigned evaluation functions, which are composed of fitness and constraint functions. Fitness function is used to evaluate the feasible sequence; In addition, constraint functions are used to evolve infeasible sequences. The hybrid algorithm starts with a random initial population of chromosomes, evolves new populations by using breeding, crossover, and mutation operations, and terminates until an acceptable sequence is output. Firstly, the current assembly process of sheet metal components is described. Secondly, a hybrid algorithm is proposed to select the best solution for the appropriate key measurement point (KMP). References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research and Application of Operation Force of Automobile Central Armrest ZHOU Jianqi 2023, 48(9): 109-113.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.022 Abstract ( )   PDF (1299KB) ( )   This paper focuses on the central armrest with friction hinge, the working principle of the armrest system is described and the mechanical analysis is carried out to obtain the calculation model of armrest operation force. Based on the performance index of armrest (opening force), parametric driving forward design is carried out to obtain the hinge friction torque and armrest closing force so as to guide the hinge design of suppliers. At the same time, the influence of friction torque, armrest mass and operation force arm on the maximum opening force and closing force of armrest is found. Both the maximum opening force and the maximum closing force increase linearly with the increase of friction torque, and there is a constant difference between them at any friction torque; Both of them increase linearly with the increase of armrest mass, but the influence of armrest mass on the maximum opening force is greater than that on the maximum closing force; Both of them decrease with the increase of the operating force arm, but they are nonlinear, and the larger the operating force arm, the smaller the influence of its change on the maximum opening and closing forces. It provides reference and solution for the design of central armrest project with friction hinge. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development of a Ride Comfort Calculation Platform for new Energy Commercial Vehicles YIN Huaqing 2023, 48(9): 114-119.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.023 Abstract ( )   PDF (1763KB) ( )   Vehicle riding comfort is an important index of vehicle chassis performance.Seven-dof vehicle model and road input model are established, a calculation platform for vehicle riding comfort is developed with MATLAB. Based on the development of a light truck, the optimization design of the riding comfort index is completed with this calculation platform, and the calculation result is compared with experimental data and analyzed. The models and results of simulation are verified to be efficient and can be used for chassis development. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Design Requirements and Finite Element Analysis of Rear Side Opening Console Armrest YOU Han 2023, 48(9): 120-123.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.024 Abstract ( )   PDF (2636KB) ( )   This paper introduces the design of the rear opening console armrest assembly, including the composition of the armrest assembly, the selection of materials, the design of the armrest skin, including the design requirements of the skin stiching, the positioning and design points of the inner and outer panels of the armrest, and introduces the man-machine requirements that the armrest needs to meet in the design process, which can provide a certain reference for the design of the same type of vehicle models; using the finite element analysis software to analyze the strength of a plastic hinge armrest when it is closed and opened, and verify the rationality of the design. Through the analysis results, it can be seen that the design of the armrest meets the requirements of the company's specifications, avoiding the subsequent mold repair costs caused by unreasonable part design. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Performance Improvement of Vehicle Based on Relational Database LIU Lu 2023, 48(9): 124-128.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.025 Abstract ( )   PDF (1253KB) ( )   With the increasing of electrical architecture, a large amount of driving data will be reported during vehicle operation. The amount of data processed in the database increases, and the difficulty of request is also upgrading. In order to save a large amount of vehicle data for a long time and stably, quickly query the required data to provide data analysis for R&D engineers, it is necessary to design a relational database suitable for storing vehicle data. As an advanced open source database, PostgreSQL supports complex queries, concurrency control and other functions. This paper proposes a design optimization method of multi thread parallel query, creating data table index, adding database partition and application connection pool for vehicle based relational database, and provides targeted optimization strategies for database operation efficiency. The test results show that the database performance improvement method proposed in this paper can improve the data request efficiency several times, and the database performance has been greatly improved. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fault Analysis and Rectification of Clutch Booster of a Light Truck Model YAO Xuesen 2023, 48(9): 129-133.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.026 Abstract ( )   PDF (1767KB) ( )   Clutch is a key component of manual transmission models, through the clutch pedal operation (pedal, pedal loose), so as to control the combination and separation of the clutch, and then realize the vehicle starting, shifting, reversing functions. Vehicle clutch booster is related to vehicle handling performance, it will directly affect the user experience and the vehicle driving safety. This article is based on the clutch fault problem of a truck model. After the problem investigation and cause analysis of the clutch fault problem, we find the possible causes of the fault are systemic problems, parts quality problems and sealing problems. Combined with the working principle of clutch booster and through the test to eliminate one by one, we find the main reason for the problem is: the seal ring lip thickness is insufficient, resulting in the clutch booster oil leakage failure. Finally, by modifying the seal ring mold and increasing the thickness of the seal ring lip, the clutch fault is eliminated. By solving the problem of clutch failure, improving the reliable performance of the clutch booster, the competitiveness of the product and customer satisfaction. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Test Bench Design for Transmission Valve Jam Detection GAO Jianmin 2023, 48(9): 134-137.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.027 Abstract ( )   PDF (1194KB) ( )   In the process of switching between high and low gears in the transmission with the main and auxiliary case structure, the valve occasionally stuck. There may be a situation where the auxiliary case is not converted to the main case in gear, which will damage the synchronizer of the auxiliary case. Therefore, the valve is an important part of the shift air path. In view of the jam detection requirements and working conditions, the transmission valve jam detection test bench is designed. The bench can detect the occasional jam of the valve and record the relevant parameters. The data can be used to judge the probability of jam and the performance of the valve, so as to provide data support for the newly developed valve or the improved valve, and can also be a good evaluation of the improved effect. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Design and Development of Automobile Electronic Fan Experimental Device XU Changzhao 2023, 48(9): 138-142.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.028 Abstract ( )   PDF (5273KB) ( )   Through the design of automobile electronic fan experimental device and fan high and low speed control circuit, it is better applied to automobile experiment teaching, the connection of automobile electronic fan control circuit and the control circuit of automobile electronic fan and operation. The design and research of automobile electronic fan experimental device has a high market value, and has a good market prospect and promotion value in the field of automobile teaching experimental equipment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Testing and Experiment

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Determination of Reasonable Threshold Value of Target Action Alarm in Driver Condition Monitoring ZHANG Xiang 2023, 48(9): 143-147.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.029 Abstract ( )   PDF (1154KB) ( )   At present, the determination of target action alarm threshold of driver condition monitoring is mostly based on technical ability and driver driving habits, which is lack of theoretical basis. Therefore, this study designs experiments, collects vehicle handling and running state parameters through driving simulator, and establishes vehicle running state evaluation index system. This paper proposes a method to cluster the driver's unsafe driving behavior data set by K-means algorithm to determine the alarm action threshold, which can provide a reference for the development of driver status monitoring system and the formulation of relevant test standards. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Cold Start Emission of Heavy-duty Diesel Urban Vehicle Based on PEMS WU Chunling 2023, 48(9): 148-156.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.030 Abstract ( )   PDF (1744KB) ( )   In order to study the emission assessment method of real road PEMS test of vehicles, one heavy-duty diesel city vehicle is selected and three real road PEMS tests with different loads are carried out. The test results show that the cold start stage and hot stage of the engine are defined by the coolant temperature reaching 30 °C and 70 °C, and from the cumulative emissions, although the maximum proportion of cold start stage time is only 6.8%, NOx emissions reach 23.7%～82.4% in the cold start stage, and its emissions cannot be ignored. The relationship between window power ratio, specific emission and temperature of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) in the cold start stage is analyzed, and the emission calculation method based on the power-based window method of China VIB stage is proposed, the maximum specific emission value in all windows is taken in the cold start stage, the effective window is taken above the 10% power threshold in the hot stage, the 90% quantile value of the effective window ratio emission is taken as the hot stage emission, the weight coefficients of the cold and hot stages are set to 0.14 and 0.86 respectively, and the weighted sum obtains the real road driving ratio emission of the vehicle. Through the analysis of three sets of test results with different emission levels, compared with the power-based window method of setting the power threshold adopted by the current heavy-duty China VI emission standard, the NOx specific emission is increased by more than 25%, so the new emission evaluation method that incorporates cold start into the calculation will increase the difficulty of passing the emission test. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the Influence of Ultra-wide Tires on the Fuel Consumption of Semi-trailer Tractors and Articulated Trains HAN Peng 2023, 48(9): 157-161.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.031 Abstract ( )   PDF (1263KB) ( )   Ultra-wide tires theoretically have the advantages of light weight and small rolling resistance. In order to study the specific impact of this technology on the power and economy of semi-trailer tractors and articulated trains, it is selected to match ultra-wide tires and traditional double tires on a semi-trailer tractor in Jianghuai and the corresponding articulated train, and carry out the corresponding road taxing test and chassis dynamometer power and economy test. Through the taxi test in four states and the power and economy test in two states, it is concluded that when the ultra-wide tire is matched to the semi-trailer tractor, the advantage is not obvious enough; However, when matching to the hinged train, the economy will be significantly optimized, and the power performance is basically equivalent. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Accelerating Sound Quality of a Passenger Car with Small Throttle XIE Xu 2023, 48(9): 162-167.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.032 Abstract ( )   PDF (2560KB) ( )   Aiming at the sound quality problem of a passenger car's rough interior noise during low-throttle acceleration, firstly analyze the spectral characteristics of the noise time domain data, and find that the cause of the rough noise is the half order noise pressure amplitude in the car value modulation. Secondly, through the transmission path test analysis, results show that the half-order excitation source in the vehicle is the half-order vibration of the engine, and the main transmission path is the powertrain mount. Finally, by increasing the sound insulation of front wall, optimizing the stiffness of the suspension and reducing the hardness of the air-conditioning tube vibration isolation cushion, half-order characteristics of the noise in the car are significantly reduced, and the sound quality of the accelerated sound is effectively improved. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Process and Equipment

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Application of Activated Carbon Adsorption in Waste Gas Treatment of Electrophoresis Coating WANG Yizhe 2023, 48(9): 168-171.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.033 Abstract ( )   PDF (1299KB) ( )   With the continuous improvement of national environmental quality requirements, the treatment of volatile organic waste gas is gradually being carried out, and the direct discharge of electrophoresis waste gas can no longer meet the increasingly severe environmental protection requirements. This paper analysis the reasons for the excessive concentration of electrophoresis waste gas pollutants and introduced improved activated carbon device with detailed structure and working principle. The results show that the treatment system has a significant effect on reducing the emission concentration of pollutants, and it has guiding significance for the new construction and renovation of automobile painting. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Auto Body Scratch Detection and Processing Based on Machine Vision LIU Wanhua 2023, 48(9): 172-178.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.034 Abstract ( )   PDF (4985KB) ( )   With the development and progress of science and technology, cars have entered people's daily life and become one of the necessities for travel. Due to human factors such as improper scrubbing and nursing, or natural causes such as scratching with other vehicles, roadside branches or fixtures when the car is driving, it is easy to cause scratches of different depths on the car body, affecting the beauty and use. For scratch detection, it is common to use manual detection. However, with the development of society, various non-destructive detection technologies have gradually emerged. The technology of scratch detection and recognition at home and abroad has been constantly improved. From the beginning, the traditional manual dominated detection method to the common penetration recognition, magnetic particle recognition, image recognition and ultrasonic laser based recognition methods. In view of the shortcomings of manual detection, such as low efficiency, high miss rate and false detection rate, this paper proposes a scheme based on OTSU algorithm and machine vision detection technology to realize automatic detection of car body scratches. This scheme is safe and reliable, can work for a long time in difficult and complex working environments, and can achieve high detection accuracy. In order to restore the beauty of the car body, several different repair processes are proposed according to different scratch damage degrees. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Discussion and Application of Automobile Chassis Accompanying Assembly Process GAO Yong 2023, 48(9): 179-182.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.035 Abstract ( )   PDF (1860KB) ( )   In order to solve the process limitations brought by the fixed point assembly method of the traditional automobile chassis, based on the transformation of the old workshop, the accompanying assembly equipment is introduced to improve the flexibility of the production line and improve the personnel efficiency. Based on the concept of "0-FIS", the project team carried out transformation planning and technological innovation on the chassis assembly process of the final assembly on the premise of zero loss of production, and replaced the functions of transportation, lifting, and load transfer equipment in the process with a single set of accompanying assembly equipment, so as to simplify the production equipment, reduce the number of operators, and provide application experience for the automation transformation of the industry. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Automobile Education

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Exploration and Practice on the Construction of Intelligent Connected Vehicles Training Room in Higher Vocational Colleges GAO Fuyou 2023, 48(9): 183-187.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.036 Abstract ( )   PDF (1404KB) ( )   Intelligent networked vehicles is an emerging sunrise industry, which is the product of the integration of traditional automotive technology, electronic technology, artificial intelligence, communication technology, control technology and other multidisciplinary frontier technologies. The talent demand gap is huge, and the industry is in urgent need of a large number of technical talents with the basic theory of intelligent connected vehicles and practical operation,which brings opportunities and challenges to the development of automotive related majors in vocational colleges. Taking the construction of intelligent connected vehicles training room of Hangzhou Wanxiang Polytechnic as an example, this paper analyzes the necessity of the construction of intelligent connected vehicles training room, introduces the construction of intelligent connected vehicles training teaching platform, and focuses on the functions of intelligent connected vehicles basic platform, driverless modification module and intelligent perception and interactive modification module,which provides a certain reference for vocational colleges to build a high-level new energy vehicles intelligent connected training base. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on the Implementation of Ideological and Political Teaching of Automobile Disassembly and Adjustment in Higher Vocational Colleges ZAN Xuesong 2023, 48(9): 188-192.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.037 Abstract ( )   PDF (1110KB) ( )   Curriculum ideological and political education is an important content of the course construction in college, integrating curriculum ideological and political into the professional education is the inner demand of college talent cultivation in new age. Taking automobile disassembling and adjust course as an example, combining the characteristics of automobile professional education, the characteristics of course teaching is analysed. The ideological and political connotation of the curriculum is summarized into five aspects, and the implementation measures of ideological and political education are put forward respectively. The ideological and political education runs through the curriculum teaching, the ideological and political elements contained in the curriculum are mined deeply, strengthens the students' cognition of ideological and political spirit, the joint effort of ideological and political education is formed by combining with the connotation of local humanistic spirit. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Teaching Design and Practice of "Curriculum Ideological and Political" in Electric Vehicle Specialty—Taking the Course of Electric Vehicle Technology as an Example GAO Juan 2023, 48(9): 193-196.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.038 Abstract ( )   PDF (1542KB) ( )   Curriculum ideological and political is the internal requirement of improving the quality of talent training, and also the new requirement of the new era. Taking the course of electric vehicle technology as an example, this paper innovates the ideological and political education path, runs through the ideological and political main line of "craftsmanship spirit, labor spirit, and labor model spirit"+"safety awareness, standardization awareness, and innovation awareness", integrates ideological and political elements into each learning task, so that students can gradually improve their own quality while mastering professional skills, to become a high-quality technical and skilled talent with "virtue, skill, thinking and practice". Finally, it reflects on the ideological and political practice of the courses, summarizes the ideological and political experience of the courses, and provides new ideas for the effective development of "ideological and political theories teaching in all courses" for the electric vehicle specialty. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Overview

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Research on 3D Lidar Based SLAM for Intelligent Vehicles BA Haolin 2023, 48(9): 197-204.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.039 Abstract ( )   PDF (1814KB) ( )   Localization technology is one of the necessary conditions for intelligent vehicles to achieve autonomous navigation. At present, simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) based on 3D lidar is the mainstream solution of Localization technology. This paper summarizes the algorithm framework and key modules of 3D laser SLAM, and discusses the common algorithms of key modules such as scanning matching, back-end optimization, closed-loop detection, map construction, etc. Several 3D SLAM methods are reviewed, and their advantages and disadvantages are compared. The key problems in the application of lidar, such as local point cloud sparse, Z-axis drift and the influence of noise caused by dynamic objects, are analyzed and expounded. It is pointed out that the combination of 3D lidar based SLAM with deep learning and multi-sensor fusion will be the development and research direction of 3D laser SLAM in the future. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Review of Models for Electric Vehicles to Grid TONG Guofeng 2023, 48(9): 205-212.  DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.09.040 Abstract ( )   PDF (2023KB) ( )   At present, the development of electric vehicles has entered a high-speed growth period. The massive penetration of electric vehicles that are typically charged when they are plugged will widen the gap between the peak and valley loads and lead to the degraded power quality. Therefore, how to meet the growing demand of electric vehicles and simultaneously maintain the functionality of the power distribution network becomes a critical challenge. It has been widely recognized that the proper scheduling of charging and discharging events for enabling electric vehicles to grid largely depends on the key models and optimization algorithms for different stakeholders such as a charging station, a battery-switching station, electric vehicles, customers and aggregators. The present paper reviews supporting models for vehicle to grid, such as the planning and location model for a charging/battery-switching station, the prediction model for charging demand, response model, the charging and discharging scheduling optimization algorithm, and aggregator and virtual power plant models. The present paper is expected to effectively promote the integration of dispatchable electric vehicle resources and the optimized dispatch of power systems, thereby supporting the competition of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. References | Related Articles | Metrics