Automobile Applied Technology

Design and optimization of electric vehicle electro-hydraulic composite stability control system

ZHU Youdi, LIU Xiaobin, LI Wanmin, WANG Yan, ZHAO Gengyun, WANG Jiaqing

2026, 51(16): 1-7,27. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.001

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With the development of new energy technologies and the increasing demand for vehicle safety, the stability control of electric vehicles has become a research hotspot. To enhance the handling stability of electric vehicles, this paper designs a hierarchical electro-hydraulic composite stability control system. This system calculates the required additional yaw torque through the upper-level fuzzy proportional-integral (PI) controller, while the lower-level system optimally allocates the torque demand in coordination with the motor and hydraulic system. A hardwarein-the-loop test platform is built based on CarSim, and it was verified under the sinusoidal delayed steering conditions with three different steering angles. Tests show that the electro-hydraulic compound control strategy outperforms the pure electric control and non-control schemes in terms of yaw rate tracking accuracy, centroid deflection angle convergence and braking response. Especially under the 270°extreme steering condition, its advantages are significant, effectively enhancing the vehicle's handling stability. This control system is effective and will be further optimized in vehicle performance in combination with active steering technology in the future.

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Research on the effect of liquid receiver on refrigerant charging of air conditioning system for PHEV

SHAO Chao

2026, 51(16): 8-12. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.002

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This paper uses 1D air conditioning simulation to study the effect of the liquid reservoir on refrigerant charge in a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) air conditioning system, using the refrigerant volume fraction in the reservoir as the evaluation metric. The effects of reservoir layout, evaporator inlet air temperature, and reservoir volume are also analyzed. Results show that the refrigerant volume fraction in the reservoir follows a universal pattern, depending mainly on reservoir volume. Under the same calibrated charge, the system tends to be overcharged at high temperatures and undercharged at low temperatures. A larger condenser reservoir widens the system's plateau temperature range, while a larger piping reservoir narrows it.

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Analysis and optimization of engine impact characteristics for hybrid electric vehicles under idle start-up condition

WANG Xili1,2 , ZENG Xiaochun1,2 , WANG Yi1,2 , ZHOU Junyu 1,2

2026, 51(16): 13-16. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.003

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Based on the vibration impact on vehicle body and seat induced by engine start-up under idle start-up condition in hybrid electric vehicles, this paper systematically investigates the start-up impact characteristics and its root causes through jitter generation mechanism analysis, excitation source analysis and cylinder pressure phase analysis technology. The research results indicate that the start-up jitter is mainly attributed to the large peak value of the first compression pressure. The larger compression pressure causes excessive speed fluctuation, which excites the shake of the power train and the whole vehicle. Accordingly, an optimal initial phase control method based on the crank angle control of P1 motor is proposed, and remarkable effect is achieved via real vehicle verification. This study provides valuable theoretical and practical reference for the noise, vibration, harshness (NVH) development of idle start-up for hybrid electric vehicles.

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Anti-extrusion analysis of new energy vehicle battery enclosure

YANG Ling

2026, 51(16): 17-21,79. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.004

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With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, the operational safety of battery systems has become a core concern within the sector. Under mechanical abuse conditions such as collisions and crushing, the anti-extrusion performance of the battery enclosure directly affects the overall vehicle safety baseline. The core objective lies in ensuring, through robust structural design, that extrusion displacement or enclosure deformation is controlled within safety thresholds, thereby maximizing the prevention of irreversible mechanical damage to battery cells and avoiding secondary disasters such as fires or explosions caused by short circuits and thermal runaway. Therefore, enhancing the structural stiffness of the enclosure is of great significance. This paper conducts a specific optimization of the anti-extrusion performance for a certain type of new energy battery enclosure. Reinforcing rib structures with a specific layout are added to the edge area of the original lower enclosure cover to suppress displacement progression under compressive loading, and precise dimensional chain calculations are performed to ensure a safe clearance with the internal battery modules. Based on finite element simulation software, the strain and stress contours as well as key data curves of the pre- and post-optimization models under extrusion loading are comparatively analyzed to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of the reinforcing ribs in suppressing plastic deformation and preventing overall buckling. The results show that the displacement of the optimized enclosure under extrusion conditions is reduced by 30.894 mm compared to that before optimization, effectively enhancing the structural safety and deformation resistance of the battery pack under extreme operating conditions.

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Research on INT8 quantization of pointPillars object detection model for autonomous driving scenarios

JI Xinyu, HAN Jin* , LIU Lingxiao, SHI Wenxin, LIU Yanwei

2026, 51(16): 22-27. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.005

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Aiming at the real-time requirement of 3D point cloud detection algorithms in autonomous driving scenarios, INT8 quantization is a mainstream lightweight solution, but traditional quantization methods in the image field suffer from severe accuracy loss when applied to point cloud algorithms. Taking the PointPillars algorithm as the research object, through quantitative sensitive layer analysis, it is found that the pillar feature net (PFN) is the core bottleneck of quantization accuracy loss, and its input activation values show the distribution characteristics of large dynamic range difference and many outliers. Drawing on the distribution optimization idea of large models, this paper proposes to introduce an root mean square layer normalization (RMSNorm ) at the input end of the PFN layer and perform fine-tuning to compress the feature dynamic range into an INT8 quantization-friendly interval. Experiments show that this method reduces the mean average precision (mAP) loss of the PointPillars model after INT8 quantization from 13.7% to 1.4% on the NuScenes dataset, increases the inference speed by 3.1 times, and compresses the model volume by 75%. Moreover, this scheme is also effective on the CenterPoint algorithm, controlling the mAP loss within 1.8%. The research provides a feasible path for efficient quantization of 3D point cloud detection models and lays a foundation for ultra-low bit quantization.

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Driving behavior recognition method based on gaze-grip temporal coupling

ZHANG Wensheng1 , XIE Qilin2 , TIAN Xiaoxue3 , ZHANG Kaipeng1

2026, 51(16): 28-32. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.006

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To address the issue that single-modal systems in driver monitoring systems cannot simultaneously achieve both early recognition and stability, this paper proposes a driving behavior recognition method that considers the temporal relationship between gaze and steering wheel grip. Based on the behavioral rule that "perception precedes manipulation" during driving, gaze and grip signals are synchronously acquired and time-aligned. On this basis, a sliding window is adopted to perform temporal reconstruction of multi-source signals, extract feature parameters reflecting visual attention allocation and manipulation readiness, and construct a random forest model for driving behavior classification. Meanwhile, cross-correlation analysis is employed to quantify the time-lag relationship between gaze and grip, and this temporal characteristic is incorporated into the feature fusion process. Cross-subject validation is conducted based on simulated driving data from 50 drivers. The experimental results show that under lane-changing and turning conditions, gaze features stably lead grip features by approximately 1.0～1.5 s. The fusion model achieves an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.94, outperforming single-modal models in recognition performance. The multi-modal method incorporating temporal coupling relationships can effectively improve the accuracy and robustness of driving behavior recognition, providing a basis for active safety warning.

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The research on lane detection based on the improved Canny algorithm

WANG Guanghui, WANG Mingyi

2026, 51(16): 33-38,103. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.007

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Based on the Canny algorithm, this paper optimizes the weight distribution of operator templates and adopts a separable component strategy of the HSV color space to improve the accuracy and stability of edge detection under noise interference. To mitigate the influence of noise on edge detection, a 5×5 Sobel operator replaces the traditional 3×3 operator to optimize template weight distribution and enhance the gradient response capability of edge detection. Through image color mode conversion, hue, saturation and value components can effectively suppress noise in input images. Generally, image detection accuracy decreases significantly in scenarios with drastic light variations. Combined with morphological operations and the Hough transform, the proposed scheme realizes accurate lane line recognition and fitting, and effectively addresses the low detection accuracy of conventional methods in complex and noisy environments.

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Secure boot design for HSE-integrated microcontrollers

YAN Jiefeng1,2, GAO Zhengdong1,2*

2026, 51(16): 39-47. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.008

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With regulations including Technical Requirements and Test Methods for Cybersecurity of On-Board Information Interactive System (GB/T 40856–2021), Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Vehicles with Regard to Their Cybersecurity (UN R155), and Road Vehicles– Cybersecurity Engineering (ISO/SAE 21434:2021) elevating firmware integrity from an optional feature to a mandatory requirement, building a standards-compliant secure boot solution on costsensitive automotive microcontroller unit (MCU) with capability-constrained on-chip hardware security engines (HSE) remains a pressing engineering challenge. This paper presents a secure boot design method using AES-128-CMAC as the sole cryptographic primitive, systematically integrating four mechanisms: a three-level CMAC chain-of-trust, four-domain key-slot trusted computing base (TCB) isolation, key derivation function (KDF)-based per-device key derivation, and A/B dual-partition atomic rollback. The method anchors trust in immutable BootROM, with each level holding only the verification key for the next, converging the TCB within read-only memory (ROM). The boot policy is decoupled from firmware images, independently carried by an image vector table (IVT), header and permanently locked via one time programmable (OTP). Upgrades employ an in-place protection strategy: the new firmware is always written to the standby partition, with partition switching occurring only after successful CMAC verification, and atomic rollback upon failure. Experimental results on a Renesas RH850/R7F701581 platform show a boot delay of approximately 106 ms under a 128 KB Bootloader+512 KB APP configuration, with a secure boot storage overhead of approximately 192 KB (9.4% of total Flash), and the probability of a tampered firmware passing verification does not exceed 2-128 . The solution satisfies the core compliance requirements of GB/T 40856–2021 Clause 7.2 and ISO/SAE 21434:2021 Clauses 9-13, providing a reusable engineering method for secure boot design on cost-sensitive automotive MCU.

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Design of information equipment installation on roof of heavy off-road vehicle cab

WANG Pei

2026, 51(16): 48-52. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.009

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There are significant differences between heavy off-road vehicles and ordinary heavyduty trucks in terms of operating conditions and application scenarios. Traditional truck design concepts are difficult to directly adapt to heavy off-road vehicle models. To meet the actual upgrade requirements for installing information equipment on the roof of heavy off-road vehicle cabs, this paper conducts a specialized design study. A research approach combining scheme demonstration, structural design, simulation analysis, and real-vehicle tracking verification is adopted to systematically analyze and optimize the adaptability between the add-on structure and the complete vehicle. This effectively addresses the strength, reliability, and compatibility issues encountered during the installation of information equipment on heavy off-road vehicles, ensuring the vehicles meet the operational requirements under harsh road conditions. The research results can directly support the informationization upgrade of heavy off-road vehicles, while also providing technical approaches and reference basis for the engineering development of roof-mounted equipment on similar commercial vehicle cabs, offering practical application value for enhancing the intelligence and informationization level of special off-road vehicles.

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Analysis and solution on idle vibration of the exterior rearview mirrors of the truck

WANG Han, WU Lisheng, ZHAO Lei, ZHANG Houting, YANG Wei

2026, 51(16): 53-58. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.010

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This paper conducts research on the shaking of exterior rearview mirrors of fuel trucks under idling conditions. Fault root cause is identified as excessive idle vibration acceleration of the exterior rearview mirror system through hierarchical investigation along the idle vibration transmission path. Multiple groups of comparative tests are designed according to the structural characteristics of rearview mirrors. Item-by-item test analysis confirms that the core fault cause lies in resonance triggered by the close proximity between the natural frequency of the rearview mirror system and the engine idle excitation frequency. Three improvement measures including modifying the mirror arm structure, changing the material, and adjusting the thickness are proposed. Modal analysis combined with physical prototype tests is adopted to evaluate all schemes from four dimensions: improvement effectiveness, implementability, economy and reliability. The optimal scheme determined through comprehensive comparison is adjusting the thickness of the mirror arm plate to 2.2 mm. The analytical thinking and test methods adopted in this study provide practical references for after-sales maintenance personnel to solve similar idle shaking faults of truck rearview mirrors, and also offer technical references for researchers engaged in the development and design of exterior rearview mirror systems.

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Failure analysis and improvement of the tread assembly structure for a certain vehicle model

WANG Huqitu, LIU Zhenguo* , HUANG Wenjie

2026, 51(16): 59-62. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.011

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This paper focuses on the cracking failure of the tread bracket for a certain vehicle model, aiming to resolve the quality claim issue caused by tread bracket fracture. First, the driving mileage and failure frequency of the failed vehicles are investigated and analyzed to determine whether the quality failure originates from design deficiencies. Second, a combined analysis method integrating real-vehicle load conditions and virtual validation is adopted to evaluate the fatigue life of the tread bracket. The random vibration fatigue analysis based on vibration test data shows that the minimum fatigue life region of the tread bracket is consistent with the actual fracture position, confirming the failure mode of the tread bracket. Third, structural optimization is carried out by strengthening the structural strength in the vibration direction, and a cross-comparison analysis of the optimization schemes is conducted to verify the improvement effect, with the fatigue life increased by approximately 10 000 times. Finally, based on the analysis results, a weight-reduction optimization is performed, achieving about 4% weight reduction to offset the mass increase caused by the structural optimization scheme. This paper provides a reliable analysis and verification approach for product design and post-market quality issue analysis of similar products, reducing structural failures caused by insufficient validation during the design phase, and offering reference significance for subsequent product development and design.

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Design and verification of trailer towing mode function for vehicles

ZHANG Xin

2026, 51(16): 63-68. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.012

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Aiming at the pain points of traditional fuel vehicles during towing operation, such as large traction load, insufficient power performance and fuel economy, as well as numerous defects in towing control strategies, this paper carries out the functional design and verification of a dedicated towing mode for fuel vehicles, and defines the optimization objectives of the towing mode. Combining theoretical research with real vehicle verification, this paper systematically investigates the functional logic of the towing mode for fuel vehicles. Based on vehicle dynamics and fuel economy analysis, the overall framework of the towing function is established and the pre-calibration of relevant parameters is completed. A real vehicle test environment is built, and a competitive benchmark vehicle is selected to carry out road comparison tests under multiple vehicle speeds and traction loads. Test data including acceleration performance, constant-speed fuel consumption and driving resistance are collected systematically to quantitatively analyze the improvement effect of the towing mode on vehicle power and fuel economy through horizontal comparison with the benchmark vehicle. The real vehicle test results demonstrate that all indicators of the proposed towing mode function for fuel vehicles meet the preset design targets. Compared with the benchmark vehicle, the developed scheme can effectively boost the mid-to-late stage acceleration capacity and reduce fuel consumption under high-speed constant-speed conditions, realizing a comprehensive balance of power output, fuel economy and driving stability under towing conditions.The optimized vehicle towing control scheme proposed in this study can provide test data and technical references for the development and calibration of towing systems for similar fuel passenger vehicles and pickup trucks.

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Design research on semi-active suspension system for multi-axle heavy vehicles

ZHANG Jiwu, HOU Baojie, ZHAO Weiwei, LIN Hanxiao, QIN Fan

2026, 51(16): 69-73. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.013

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Based on the current development trend of technology, higher requirements are placed on off-road mobility, and suspension performance needs to be improved to meet the vehicle performance requirements. Therefore, a technical method of damping-adjustable magnetorheological damper applicable to both coil springs and hydro-pneumatic springs is proposed. A semi-active suspension system model is established through AMESim-MATLAB co-simulation, and the linear hybrid skyhook control algorithm is adopted to control the magnetorheological damper. The results show that on F-class random road at a vehicle speed of 30 km/h, the ride comfort of the semi-active coil spring suspension is improved by 28.3% compared with the passive coil spring suspension, and that of the semi-active hydro-pneumatic spring suspension is improved by 48.1% compared with the passive interconnected hydro-pneumatic spring suspension. On B-class random road at a vehicle speed of 60 km/h, the ride comfort of the semi-active coil spring suspension is improved by 50% compared with the passive coil spring suspension, and that of the semi-active hydro-pneumatic spring suspension is improved by 66.7% compared with the passive interconnected hydro-pneumatic spring suspension. The proposed technical method of damping-adjustable magnetorheological damper significantly improves the ride comfort of multi-axle off-road vehicles on different random roads, providing a simulation basis for the subsequent application of semi-active suspension systems in multi-axle heavy vehicles.

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Structural design and application of cable-driven EPB for a light-duty truck

GE Fei

2026, 51(16): 74-79. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.014

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This paper targets light commercial vehicles with a gross weight of 2.5 t and above, and innovatively proposes a cable-type electronic parking brake (EPB) system architecture. This solution effectively addresses the pain point that conventional caliper-integrated EPB cannot meet the high parking braking force requirements of light trucks over 2.5 t. The system relies on core components including the EPB control switch, EPB controller and EPB cable actuator to realize the integration and implementation of vehicle functions. Through vehicle assembly and commissioning, vehicle performance tests and durability reliability verification, it is verified that all indicators of this architecture comply with vehicle design specifications, and the system is ready for mass production. This paper sorts out and summarizes the complete vehicle development process and engineering practical experience of the solution, which can provide theoretical basis and engineering practice references for the subsequent design and development of EPB systems for light trucks of 2.5 t and above.

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Numerical simulation study on quasi-static indentation method of honeycomb sandwich panels for flying vehicle

CHEN Shuping1 , LI Yongbo1 , FU Haizheng1 , WANG Xiaobing1 , LÜ Jiliang1 , ZHANG Zhihong1 , ZHANG Wu2

2026, 51(16): 80-84. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.015

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With the rapid development of the low-altitude economy, flying vehicles have emerged as a design focus for next-generation transportation vehicles. Composite honeycomb sandwich panels, owing to their high specific strength and excellent flexural stiffness, have found extensive applications in this field. In this paper, quasi-static indentation tests are conducted on composite honeycomb sandwich panels to investigate their damage evolution, obtaining key data such as ultimate load, indentation depth, and damage area. Based on the experimental results, a finite element model of the composite honeycomb sandwich panel is established using numerical simulation to replicate the entire quasi-static indentation process. The validity of the computational model is confirmed through comparison with experimental data. Using this simulation model, the entire process from initial loading and damage initiation to damage evolution can be characterized. The results indicate that damage induced by quasi-static indentation first manifests as local crushing of the honeycomb core, leading to a reduction in its load-bearing capacity, which subsequently triggers initial damage in the face sheets. Therefore, the simulation approach can provide a basis for full-scale numerical simulations of flying vehicle wings.

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Optimization of process parameters for capacitor discharge welding of Usibor 1300 hot-formed steel

LÜ Haibo, YU Xiaofeng, LIU Chunpeng, JIANG Feng

2026, 51(16): 85-90. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.016

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The capacitor discharge projection welding process is adopted to realize the connection of SWRCH15A aluminum-killed steel projection welding nuts and Usibor 1300 high-strength hotformed steel. This paper conducts orthogonal tests to systematically investigate the effects of different process parameters on key properties of projection welding joints including nugget size and torque strength, and determines the optimal welding process parameters through range analysis and the comprehensive weighted scoring method. The test results show that within the test range, the projection welding joint exhibits the best comprehensive performance under the process parameters of electrode pressure of 0.3 MPa, welding time of 55 cycles, welding voltage of 320 V and cooling time of 25 cycles. Under the optimal process parameters, the heat-affected zone on the nut side consists of a coarse-grained zone and a fine-grained zone, with ferrite as the dominant microstructure. The heat-affected zone on the hot-formed steel side is divided into the full quenching zone, the incomplete quenching zone and the tempering zone. The microstructure of the full quenching zone is mainly martensite, the incomplete quenching zone presents a mixed microstructure of martensite, ferrite and bainite, and the tempering zone is dominated by tempered martensite. The threedimensional morphology analysis of the fracture surface of the projection welding joint indicates that the joint presents a mixed ductile-brittle fracture mode.

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Research on carbon footprint accounting methods for automotive bio-based materials

PENG Dandan, ZHAO Tao, LIANG Guihua, HAN Yingxu, MENG Xiangyan*

2026, 51(16): 91-97. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.017

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With the advancement of global "dual carbon" targets and the strategic deployment of green and low-carbon development in China's "15th Five-Year Plan" (2026–2030), the automotive industry is accelerating its transition toward green and low-carbon transformation. Bio-based materials, due to their renewability, low carbon emissions, biodegradability, and reduced dependence on petroleum-based resources, have become a crucial material choice for sustainable, low-carbon development in the automotive sector. However, systematic and standardized methods for quantifying their life cycle environmental impacts–especially carbon footprint-remain lacking. Based on the content of the invention patent for carbon footprint accounting methods of bio-based materials in Great Wall Motor, this paper systematically investigates the technical framework,implementation pathways, and application value of a "cradle-to-gate" carbon footprint accounting method for automotive bio-based materials. The study indicates that this method constructs a comprehensive carbon footprint assessment model covering the entire process from cultivation to production and factory output, by integrating crop plant information, on-site data collection, multi-stage carbon emission factor calculation, and carbon sequestration offset mechanisms. The model is further enabled by electronic devices and computer programs for automated accounting. This research holds significant application value in automotive material selection, carbon emission management, and green certification, providing technical support for achieving the strategic goal of "accelerating the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development" as outlined in the "15th Five-Year Plan".

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Research of rework methods for stamping cracks of aluminum panels in vehicle body

ZHANG Yunfei

2026, 51(16): 98-103. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.018

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With the deepening of the process of vehicle lightweight, the application of aluminum panels is becoming increasingly widespread. Stamping cracking is the main process challenge faced by aluminum materials in vehicle applications, and the high scrap rate caused by stamping cracking seriously affects production efficiency and cost control. This study developed an integrated method for repairing and quality verification of cracked aluminum panels based on a systematic analysis of cracking issues and the material properties of aluminum panels and established the repair process with melt inert-gas (MIG) welding as the core method. Mechanical tests demonstrated that samples after MIG welding exhibited significant improvements in tensile strength, yield strength, and maximum breaking load. Results from production applications showed that this method not only substantially enhanced the mechanical properties of repaired cracks but also reduced the overall part scrap rate to approximately 5%. This research provides an effective engineering solution for the repair of aluminum plate stamping cracking, offers a basis for repair quality evaluation through comparative qualitative testing, filling the industry gap, and has significant promotion and application value.

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Application of robot automatic riveting in the assembly of heavy-duty truck airplane beam

GAO Peng

2026, 51(16): 104-107,127. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.019

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Aiming at the industry pain points of heavy-duty automobile aircraft beam assembly, such as high labor intensity, poor machining accuracy and dimensional consistency, easy collision and scratching of electrophoretic black-painted parts during transportation, and insufficient production capacity, this paper designs a robotic automatic riveting production process scheme. The scheme realizes the deep integration of intelligent lifting, precise riveting and lean station turnover for the first time, replacing traditional manual handling, turnover and free riveting operations. It optimizes the process flow while solving the protection problem of black-painted parts, promoting the transformation of aircraft beam assembly from manual extensive operation to intelligent precision manufacturing. The proposed innovative scheme effectively improves the riveting quality and production efficiency, reduces labor intensity, and provides a new technical approach for the automated production of heavy-duty frame aircraft beams, with significant technological innovation and engineering application value.

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Construction of automotive intelligent manufacturing laboratory for interdisciplinary talent cultivation

WANG Weilong

2026, 51(16): 108-114. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.020

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Against the backdrop of building a strong manufacturing country, the intelligent manufacturing industry is confronted with a shortage of interdisciplinary talents, and there is a mismatch between talent cultivation in universities and industrial demands. Taking the construction of the automotive intelligent manufacturing engineering training center laboratory at Hubei University of Automotive Technology as an example, this paper analyzes the current situation and core problems of laboratory construction. Combined with industrial needs and the talent training objectives of universities, a "four-in-one" construction plan is proposed, and a hierarchical and collaborative laboratory system composed of four core modules is constructed, namely the intelligent sensing laboratory, the digital twin simulation laboratory, the intelligent manufacturing production control technology laboratory, and the intelligent assembly production line. Meanwhile, the four core functions of the laboratory, including teaching, practical training, scientific research, and social services, are clearly defined. This construction plan effectively solves the problems such as poor connection between various practical training modules, and realizes the organic integration of the laboratory with industrial demands, talent cultivation, and scientific research innovation. It provides certain reference significance for the construction of intelligent manufacturing laboratories in universities, and has practical significance for alleviating the shortage of industrial talents and improving the quality of talent cultivation.

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A Study on occupational competencies in the new energy vehicle technology major based on the AHP–entropy weight method

OUYANG Ying1,2

2026, 51(16): 115-120. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.021

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To address the mismatch between competency development in new energy vehicle technology programs and evolving industry demands, this study integrates the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) with the entropy-weight method to construct a quantitative evaluation framework for vocational competencies. Data reliability is examined using 486 valid questionnaires collected from six educational institutions and eight enterprises. The results indicate that, at the criteria level, the weights rank as follows: professional technical competency (0.352)>engineering practice competency (0.281)>professional literacy (0.198)>innovation competency (0.169). At the indicator level, competency in diagnosing and repairing the three-electric system (0.138) and competency in optimizing troubleshooting procedures (0.102) received the highest weights. Perceptions differed across stakeholder groups: enterprise engineers assigned greater importance to engineering practice competency (0.318), whereas faculty members emphasized professional technical competency (0.385). Building on these findings, a curriculum pilot is implemented in two higher vocational colleges, featuring project-based instruction centered on typical three-electric fault diagnosis tasks. The pilot outcomes show that students' diagnostic accuracy for three-electric system faults increased from 72.6% to 88.3%, and the coverage index for 12 core vocational competencies improved from 0.71 to 0.86, demonstrating that the AHP–entropy-based evaluation can effectively inform curriculum optimization. Accordingly, optimization strategies are proposed across four dimensions: curriculum restructuring, pedagogical reform, faculty development, and assessment innovation, providing quantitative evidence and actionable pathways for competency-oriented talent cultivation in new energy vehicle technology technology programs.

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Development and application of virtual disassembly and assembly teaching resources for automotive generators based on Very Engine

HU Shuangqi, WANG Zhong, WANG Mingxuan

2026, 51(16): 121-127. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.022

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With the continuous development of the automotive industry, there is an urgent need for advanced experimental training methods to enhance students' practical abilities in understanding the structure and principles of automotive components. Traditional teaching methods face numerous challenges, while the application of virtual simulation technology in automotive education remains insufficient and fragmented. To address these issues, this paper develops a virtual disassembly and assembly teaching software for automotive generators based on the Wanwei Engine platform. First, 3ds Max is used to construct a three-dimensional model of the automotive generator, which is then imported into the Wanwei Engine. The software user interface (UI) is designed, and various functional instructions are written using the table editor, ultimately resulting in a software system comprising three modules: structural introduction, disassembly and assembly simulation, and assessment testing. This software enables students to visually observe the internal and external structure of the generator as well as the specific disassembly and assembly procedures, deepening their understanding of the components and working principles of automotive generators. The software is applied in teaching practice, and the teaching effectiveness is comprehensively evaluated from three dimensions: theoretical testing, practical operation, and student satisfaction. The results demonstrate that, compared with traditional teaching methods, this virtual disassembly and assembly platform significantly improves learning outcomes and student satisfaction. It can serve as an innovative carrier for digital and intelligent practical training in automotive programs and holds promising application prospects in the field of automotive education.

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Research on the integration path of excellent traditional Chinese culture into online ideological and political education under the background of automobile industry upgrading

DENG Ruixiang

2026, 51(16): 128-133,144. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.023

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To cultivate "morally and technically competent" higher vocational talents that meet the needs of automobile industry upgrading, this paper constructs an integration model based on Bourdieu's cultural capital theory and the uses and gratifications theory. Employing questionnaire survey and case analysis methods, the study explores effective paths for integrating traditional culture into online ideological and political education. The results reveal existing challenges such as singular integration forms, low professional relevance, and insufficient support from faculty and platforms. Three core paths are distilled: "building the foundation with a craftsmanship spirit, consolidating the base with an integrity culture, and empowering with an innovation culture." Empirical verification shows that these paths significantly enhance students' professional identity and substantially improve the level of professional ethics compliance. This research provides a replicable practical paradigm, reveals the transformation mechanism from traditional culture to professional competence, and facilitates the coordinated development of moral education and skill cultivation for talents against the backdrop of industry upgrading.

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Construction and practical research of the intelligent connected vehicle technology course under the integration of teaching and competition

SUN Changcheng, GUO Jun, ZHENG Zhu'an

2026, 51(16): 134-138. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.024

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With the rapid development of the intelligent connected vehicle industry, its technical system is increasingly characterized by interdisciplinary integration and frequent iteration of technical forms. In response to the core educational requirement of emerging engineering education, namely "being oriented to industrial demands and strengthening practical teaching links," and targeting the problems, including disconnection between teaching contents of relevant university courses and industrial technologies as well as inadequate practical teaching, this paper explores the application effect of the competition-education integration model combining the Artificial Intelligence Algorithm Elite Competition and the Intelligent Connected Vehicle Technology Course. It proposes an innovative talent cultivation model that constructs a four-dimensional coordination mechanism of "curriculum-resources-competition-industry" and improves a three-level knowledge system of "basic theory+competition special topics+industrial application". Practices demonstrate that the average course score and excellent rate of students increase by approximately 12 points and 32%, respectively, after the integration. This model effectively stimulates students' learning interest, improves their engineering practice ability and teamwork awareness, and achieves favorable results in teaching quality, competition performance, and talent cultivation.

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Construction and practice of the "Three-Stages, Six-Steps" modular teaching model for Electrical Technology for New Energy Vehicles

WANG Xuene

2026, 51(16): 139-144. DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.016.025

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Aiming at the prominent problems existing in the Electrical Technology for New Energy Vehicles course in vocational colleges, including outdated curriculum content, disconnection between campus training and job-post requirements, and insufficient adaptability of talent cultivation, this paper carries out teaching reform practice by aligning with the core demands for high-quality technical-skilled talents driven by the high-quality development of the new-energy vehicle industry. Taking 86 students from the Grade-2024 New Energy Vehicle Technology major in Changjiang Engineering Vocational College as research samples, this study identifies existing curriculum deficiencies through job-post demand investigation. It constructs a modular teaching mode of "three-stage and six-link", restructures the project-oriented curriculum content system, establishes a diversified whole-process teaching evaluation system, and implements relevant teaching practices. Practical data demonstrate that compared with the teaching benchmark of previous cohorts before the reform, the pass rate of students' course skill assessment rises from 75% to 95%, the acquisition rate of intermediate-level vocational skill certificates reaches 92%, and graduates' job-post adaptation cycle is shortened from 2 months to within 20 days. The adaptability between talent cultivation and enterprise job-post requirements is significantly improved. This research develops a set of implementable and replicable systematic curriculum reform schemes, which provides practical references for teaching optimization and reform of new-energy-vehicle-related courses in similar vocational colleges.

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