Abstract: With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, the operational safety of battery systems has become a core concern within the sector. Under mechanical abuse conditions such as collisions and crushing, the anti-extrusion performance of the battery enclosure directly affects the overall vehicle safety baseline. The core objective lies in ensuring, through robust structural design, that extrusion displacement or enclosure deformation is controlled within safety thresholds, thereby maximizing the prevention of irreversible mechanical damage to battery cells and avoiding secondary disasters such as fires or explosions caused by short circuits and thermal runaway. Therefore, enhancing the structural stiffness of the enclosure is of great significance. This paper conducts a specific optimization of the anti-extrusion performance for a certain type of new energy battery enclosure. Reinforcing rib structures with a specific layout are added to the edge area of the original lower enclosure cover to suppress displacement progression under compressive loading, and precise dimensional chain calculations are performed to ensure a safe clearance with the internal battery modules. Based on finite element simulation software, the strain and stress contours as well as key data curves of the pre- and post-optimization models under extrusion loading are comparatively analyzed to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of the reinforcing ribs in suppressing plastic deformation and preventing overall buckling. The results show that the displacement of the optimized enclosure under extrusion conditions is reduced by 30.894 mm compared to that before optimization, effectively enhancing the structural safety and deformation resistance of the battery pack under extreme operating conditions.

Key words: new energy vehicle; battery enclosure; extrusion displacement; reinforcing ribs

摘要： 随着新能源汽车产业的快速发展，电池系统运行安全性已成为行业关注的核心。在碰 撞、碾压等机械滥用工况下，电池壳体的抗挤压性能直接关乎整车安全底线。其核心在于， 通过稳健的结构设计，确保挤压位移或箱体变形量被控制在安全阈值内，从而最大限度防止 电芯遭受不可逆机械损伤，避免因短路、热失控引发的起火爆炸等次生灾害。因此，提升箱 体结构刚度具有重要意义。文章针对某型新能源电池箱体开展抗挤压性能专项优化，在原下 箱体盖边缘区域增设特定布局的加强筋结构，以抑制箱体受压时的位移推进，并通过精确的 尺寸链计算，确保与内部电池模组之间保持安全间隙。基于有限元仿真软件，对比分析优化 前后模型在挤压载荷下的应变、应力云图及关键数据曲线，定量评估加强筋对抑制塑性变形 与防止整体屈曲的作用。结果表明，优化后箱体在挤压工况下的位移量较优化前降低了 30.894 mm，有效提升了电池包在极端工况下的结构安全性与抗变形能力。

关键词: 新能源汽车；电池壳体；挤压位移；加强筋