Abstract: Accurate estimation of vehicle brake disc temperature is crucial for ensuring braking system safety and preventing thermal fade. This paper reviews key technical methods for brake disc temperature estimation, including sensor measurement (contact and non-contact), physical modeling (lumped parameter model, thermo-mechanical coupled finite element simulation, thermal network, energy balance model), and data-driven methods (multiple regression, machine learning algorithms). Comparative analysis of their principles, accuracy, advantages and limitations shows that sensor measurement serves as calibration basis for physical modeling; physical modeling provides mechanistic constraints for data-driven methods; and data-driven methods boost model adaptability and generalization, forming a "measurement–modeling–data" closed-loop support system together. Finally, this paper further summarizes the challenges of existing methods in extreme operating conditions, real-time performance, and engineering applicability, while outlining future research directions including multi-method integration, sensor technology synergy, dynamic adaptive optimization, and practical engineering implementation. These insights aim to provide references for brake system design and safety monitoring.

Key words: brake disc temperature estimation; brake thermal fade; physical modeling

摘要： 车辆制动盘温度的精确估计对保障制动系统安全、预防热衰退具有重要意义。文章综 述了制动盘温度估计领域的主要技术方法，包括传感器测量（接触式与非接触式）、物理建模 （集总参数模型、热-机械耦合有限元仿真、热网络与能量平衡模型）及数据驱动方法（多元 回归、机器学习算法）。通过对比分析各类方法的原理、精度、优势与局限，指出传感器测量 为物理建模提供标定依据，物理建模为数据驱动提供机理约束，数据驱动则增强模型的适应 性与泛化能力，三者形成“测量－建模－数据”闭环支撑体系。最后，文章进一步总结了现 有方法在极端工况、实时性与工程适用性方面的挑战，并展望了多方法融合、传感技术协同、 动态适应性优化及工程化落地等未来研究方向，旨在为制动系统设计与安全监测提供参考。

关键词: 制动盘温度估计；制动热衰退；物理建模