Abstract: Driven by the "dual carbon" strategic goals, optimizing the energy consumption of electric urban construction muck dump trucks is of great significance for green urban construction. This study develops a dedicated driving cycle for electric muck dump trucks in Chengdu based on the internet of vehicles platform. The cycle shows significant differences from China heavy-duty commercial vehicle test cycle-dumper (CHTC-D): the proportion of the 0–10 km/h low-speed range is 5.3% higher, and the 50–60 km/h medium-high speed range is 7.3% higher, reflecting the unique driving characteristics of urban construction muck scenarios dominated by low-speed idling with suburban high-speed demand. A vehicle simulation model is established based on the cycle to optimize the power transmission system. By optimizing the shifting strategy and reconstructing hardware configuration, the simulated energy consumption is reduced by 6.3 kWh/100 km, providing scientific basis and engineering solutions for improving the economy of electric muck dump trucks.

Key words: dump truck; driving condition; cluster analysis; simulation modeling; power consumption optimization

摘要： 在“双碳”战略目标驱动下，优化电动城建渣土自卸车能耗对实现绿色城建具有重要 意义。研究基于车联网平台构建成都地区电动渣土自卸车专用行驶工况，该工况与中国重型 车商用车测试工况-自卸车（CHTC-D）存在显著差异：0－10 km/h 低速区间占比高 5.3%，50 －60 km/h 中高速区间占比高 7.3%，体现出城建渣土场景特有的“低速怠速为主、兼具郊区 高速”行驶特征。基于该工况搭建整车仿真模型并对动力传动系统进行优化，通过优化换挡 策略与重构硬件配置，使仿真电耗降低 6.3 kWh/100 km，为提升电动渣土自卸车经济性提供 了科学依据与工程解决方案。

关键词: 渣土自卸车；行驶工况；聚类分析；仿真建模；电耗优化