Abstract: At present, the range anxiety is still one of the main complaints of battery electric passenger vehicles users. Based on the structure and characteristics of battery electric passenger vehicles, this paper analyzes three critical energy transfer paths (charging path, discharge path and energy recovery path) in actual driving scenarios. The optimization direction is put forward mainly from the aspects of charging loss, electric drive efficiency, drive shaft efficiency, brake caliper drag force, wheel hub bearing resistance moment, tire roll resistance, wind resistance, air conditioning load and low pressure load. It is intended to improve the actual driving range and reduce the user's range anxiety.

Key words: Battery electric passenger vehicles; Energy management; Charging path; Discharge path; Energy recovery path

摘要： 现阶段里程焦虑依然是纯电动乘用车用户的主要抱怨之一。文章基于纯电动乘用车的 结构和特点，针对实际驾驶场景下的三条能量传递关键路径（充电路径、放电路径和能量回 收路径）进行了分析，并主要从充电损耗、电驱效率、驱动轴效率、制动卡钳拖滞力、轮毂 轴承阻力矩、轮胎滚阻、风阻、空调负荷和低压负荷等方面提出了优化方向。意在提升实际 续航里程，减少用户的里程焦虑。

关键词: 纯电动乘用车；能量管理；充电路径；放电路径；能量回收路径