Abstract: In the competitive scenario of formula student electric China (FSEC), high-intensity and high-frequency braking operations easily induce thermal fade of the braking system, which further reduces braking efficiency and increases braking distance. To avoid this problem and ensure stable braking performance of the racing car, this paper calculates the clamping force exerted by brake pads on brake discs based on actual vehicle parameters. A three-dimensional model of the brake disc is established in CATIA, and two innovative simulation methods are proposed for different competition conditions. Thermo-mechanical coupling simulation analysis of carbon-ceramic brake discs and steel brake discs is carried out under emergency braking conditions. Meanwhile, a brake disc temperature simulation method based on the heat flux formula is established for the autocross condition. Simulation results show that the operating temperature of carbon-ceramic brake discs is 16.7% lower than that of steel brake discs under the autocross condition. Under emergency braking conditions, carbon-ceramic brake discs outperform steel brake discs in both temperature and equivalent stress, which can effectively suppress temperature rise during prolonged braking and maintain constant braking efficiency. The study verifies that carbon-ceramic brake discs are suitable for FSEC racing cars and can improve vehicle braking performance. It improves the thermal simulation analysis system of brake discs under the autocross condition and provides references for the design and optimization of racing braking systems.

Key words: FSEC; braking system; ANSYS finite element simulation; carbon-ceramic brake disc; autocross condition; emergency braking condition

摘要： 在中国大学生电动方程式大赛（FSEC）赛车竞技场景中，高强度、高频次制动操作易 引发制动系统热衰退，进而造成制动效能衰减、制动距离增加。为规避该问题、保障赛车制 动性能稳定，文章结合赛车实际参数完成制动片对制动盘压紧力计算，依托 CATIA 搭建制动 盘三维模型，并针对不同竞赛工况提出两种创新仿真方法，分别对紧急制动工况下碳陶制动 盘与钢制制动盘开展热力耦合仿真分析，同时针对高速避障工况，建立基于热流公式的制动 盘温度仿真方法。仿真结果表明，高速避障工况中，碳陶制动盘工作温度较钢制制动盘降低 16.7%；紧急制动工况下，碳陶制动盘的温度与等效应力均优于钢制制动盘，可有效抑制长时 制动温升，保障制动效能恒定。研究证实碳陶制动盘适配 FSEC 赛车应用场景，可提升赛车 制动性能；完善了高速避障工况下制动盘热仿真分析体系，可为赛车制动系统设计优化提供 参考依据。

关键词: FSEC；制动系统；ANSYS 有限元仿真；碳陶制动盘；高速避障工况；紧急制动工况