Abstract: To address the issues of high transmission loss caused by incomplete separation and uneven clearance of the friction pairs in wet multi-disc braking systems for forklifts, this study focuses on the friction plate separation mechanism. Based on the principle of the "minimum reasonable clearance", the brake return mechanism is optimized. A piston return friction-reducing and limiting scheme is developed to decrease frictional losses, and an active friction plate separation technology is proposed to achieve uniform separation clearances between friction pairs. Experiments are conducted to analyze the effects of the active separation mechanism and friction pair conditions on the current and efficiency of the forklift transmission system. The results indicate that the active separation mechanism significantly reduces current fluctuations during high-speed steady-state operation and improves transmission efficiency. For friction plates with a diameter of ?200 mm, a single friction pair clearance of 0.13 mm provides optimal transmission efficiency and braking responsiveness. Through the research and application of active friction plate separation technology,this study achieves reduced energy loss in the forklift transmission system and provides a reference for the design of similar wet multi-disc brakes.

Key words: wet multi-disc brake; separation clearance; brake return mechanism; active separation technology; friction pair

摘要： 为解决叉车湿式多盘制动系统因摩擦副分离不彻底、分离间隙不均衡引发的传动损耗 大等问题，对摩擦片分离机构展开研究。基于“最小合理间隙”原则优化制动回位机构，研 发活塞回位减摩限位方案降低摩擦损耗，摩擦片主动分离技术实现摩擦片分离间隙均衡。通 过试验开展摩擦片主动分离机构与摩擦副状态，对叉车传动系统电流及效能的影响分析。结 果表明，主动分离机构可显著降低传动系统高速稳态下的电流波动，可提升传动系统的效能； 对于直径?200 mm 的摩擦片，单摩擦副间隙达到 0.13 mm 时，传动效能和制动响应性较优。 文章通过研究及应用摩擦片主动分离技术，实现叉车传动系统降损耗，为类似湿式多盘制动 器的设计提供参考。

关键词: 湿式多盘制动；分离间隙；制动回位机构；主动分离技术；摩擦副