Abstract: Drivers and passengers have higher and higher requirements for the ride comfort of vehicles, and suspension is an important component affecting the ride comfort, so the ride comfort of vehicles can be improved by improving the performance of suspension. This paper first performs Fourier transform on the international standard pavement frequency-domain model and combines the filtering of white noise to generate the pavement frequency-domain model, and the road excitation time domain-model of the four wheels of vehicle is established according to the spatial correlation of the left and right wheels and the hysteresis of the front and rear wheels in the time-domain. Then, a vehicle seven-degree-of-freedom dynamic model for ride comfort analysis is established based on Simulink, and the variation amplitude of the body acceleration is determined by time-domain simulation, and then the universe of discourse of the fuzzy controller is determined. Finally, according to the input of the fuzzy controller and the determination of fuzzy control rules, combined with proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control to build the controller. By comparing the body acceleration time-domain curves of active suspension and passive suspension, it is found that the fuzzy PID control has a better control effect in improving the ride comfort of the vehicle, which has an important reference value for in-depth study of suspension performance optimization.

Key words: road excitation; fuzzy control; PID; ride comfort

摘要： 驾乘人员对于车辆的乘坐舒适性要求越来越高，而悬架是影响乘坐舒适性的重要部件， 因此，可以通过提升悬架性能来提升车辆的乘坐舒适性。文章首先对国际标准的路面频域模 型经过傅里叶变换，并结合滤波白噪声生成路面频域模型，根据左右轮在空间上的相关性以 及前后轮在时域上的滞后性，建立整车四轮路面激励时域模型；然后基于 Simulink 建立面向 平顺性分析的车辆七自由度动力学模型，通过时域仿真明确其车身加速度的变化幅值，进而 确定模糊控制器的论域；最后根据模糊控制器的输入和确定模糊控制规则，结合比例-积分- 微分（PID）控制搭建控制器对比主动悬架与被动悬架车身加速度时域曲线。结果发现模糊 PID 控制在改善汽车行驶平顺性方面具有较好的控制效果，对于深入研究悬架性能优化具有 重要参考价值。

关键词: 路面激励；模糊控制；PID；乘坐舒适性