Abstract: Taking a certain type of bus as the research object, the frontal collision simulation analysis of the bus is carried out using HyperWorks and LS-DYNA software. Combined with the analysis of key data such as the body deformation of the bus, the door deformation, the driver's living space, the center acceleration of the floor of the driver's seat and the centroid acceleration, the crashability of the bus is evaluated. Based on the test conclusion, the cross-section of the longitudinal beam of the main energy-absorbing beam of the bus is improved, and a collision simulation study is conducted on the improved bus. The simulation results show that the improved bus structure effectively enhances the crashworthiness performance and verifies the feasibility of the improvement scheme.

Key words: electric buses; frontal collision; living space; structural optimization

摘要： 以某型客车为研究对象，采用 HyperWorks 和 LS-DYNA 软件对客车进行了正面碰撞仿 真分析，结合分析客车的车身变形、车门变形、驾驶员生存空间、驾驶室座椅地板中心加速 度和质心加速度等关键数据，对客车的耐撞性做出了评估。根据试验结论对客车主吸能梁的 纵梁进行了截面改良，并对经过改良后的客车进行了碰撞模拟研究。仿真结果表明，改进后 的客车结构有效提升了耐撞性能，并验证了改进方案的可行性。

关键词: 电动客车；正面碰撞；生存空间；结构优化