主办:陕西省汽车工程学会
ISSN 1671-7988  CN 61-1394/TH
创刊:1976年

Automobile Applied Technology ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (10): 104-109.DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.010.019

• Process·Materials • Previous Articles    

Lightweight Design and Mechanical Performance Verification of Composite Material Leaf Springs

HAO Zhikuan, LI Xiaoxin* , ZHANG Hanyu   

  1. School of Intelligent Engineering, Chongqing College of Mobile Communication
  • Published:2025-05-27
  • Contact: LI Xiaoxin

车用复合材料板簧轻量化设计及力学性能验证

郝志宽,李小鑫*,张晗玉   

  1. 重庆移通学院 智能工程学院
  • 通讯作者: 李小鑫
  • 作者简介:郝志宽(1992-),男,硕士,讲师,研究方向为车辆动力学与控制
  • 基金资助:
    2024 年重庆移通学院校级应用研究项目(KY2024012);重庆移通学院首批课堂教学改革重点项目(23JG2123)

Abstract: This paper ensures that the stiffness of composite material leaf springs meets the required standards while maximizing their strength and achieving a weight reduction target of 30% for lightweighting. Based on the theory of composite laminate plates, geometric dimensions are selected as design variables to construct an optimization model targeting stiffness, strength, and mass. The genetic algorithm is adopted to optimize the design process. In terms of strength, finite element simulation verification under four strength conditions is conducted on the lightweight composite material leaf springs using ABAQUS. For stiffness, finite element simulation verification is performed under four loads and compared with bench test results of physical samples before optimization. The results indicate that after achieving a 30% reduction in mass, the safety factors for tensile and compressive strengths of the composite material leaf springs remain above 1.0. The error between the stiffness simulation analysis results of the composite material leaf springs and the bench test results of the physical samples before optimization is within ±3%, verifying that the stiffness of the lightweight composite material leaf springs meets the required standards. This research not only validates the rationality of the lightweight design but also provides a scientific basis for structural optimization of composite material leaf springs.

Key words: composite material leaf spring; lightweighting; finite element analysis; genetic algorithm design

摘要: 文章在确保复合材料板簧刚度达标的同时,最大化其强度并实现减重 30%的轻量化目 标。基于复合材料层合板理论,选定几何尺寸作为设计变量,构建以刚度、强度及质量为目 标的优化模型,采用遗传算法优化设计流程。在强度方面,利用 ABAQUS 对轻量化后的复合 材料板簧进行四种强度工况下的有限元仿真验证。在刚度方面,四种负荷下进行了有限元仿 真验证并与优化前的实物样件台架测试结果进行了比较。结果表明,质量减轻 30%后,复合 材料板簧的拉伸与压缩强度安全系数仍保持在 1.0 以上,复合材料板簧的刚度仿真分析结果 与优化前的实物样件台架测试结果误差在±3%以内,验证了轻量化后的复合材料板簧刚度达 标。此研究不仅验证了轻量化设计的合理性,还为复合材料板簧的结构优化提供了科学依据。

关键词: 复合材料板簧;轻量化;有限元分析;遗传算法设计