Abstract: In order to explore the variation law of vehicle energy flow in high and low temperature environment of heavy-duty pure electric commercial vehicles, this article conducts energy flow tests on heavy-duty pure electric vehicles under different ambient temperatures using a chassis dynamometer. The study aims to investigate the primary factors affecting the vehicle's energy consumption and driving range. Compared to normal temperature conditions, the total battery discharge decreased by 5.1% and 2.8% in low-temperature and high-temperature environments, respectively, with the driving range decreasing by 23.6% and 6.7%. Through whole-vehicle energy analysis, it is found that under low-temperature conditions, the electricity consumes to overcome driving resistance increased by approximately 8.4%, the power consumption of air conditioning heating and battery positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor is about 7.3% of the total discharge power. In high-temperature environments, battery liquid cooling consumes the most electricity, accounting for about 3.1% of the total discharge, followed by the direct current to direct current (DC/DC) converter consumption, which accountes for about 2.2% of the total discharge, air conditioning refrigeration consumes less than 1% of the total discharge. Therefore, optimizing the vehicle's thermal management control strategy is crucial for reducing energy consumption and improving driving range in both low-and high-temperature environments.

Key words: pure electric heavy-duty vehicle; energy flow test; energy consumption; driving range

摘要： 为探索重型纯电动商用车高低温环境下整车能量流变化规律，文章基于底盘测功机开 展了不同环境温度下的重型纯电动车能量流测试，研究影响整车能量消耗量和续驶里程的主 要因素。相比于常温环境，车辆在低温环境和高温环境下的电池总放电量分别减少 5.1%和 2.8%，续驶里程分别缩减 23.6%和 6.7%。通过整车能量解析发现，相对于常温环境，低温环 境下车辆克服行驶阻力消耗的电量约增加 8.4%，空调制热和电池正温度系数（PTC）热敏电 阻开启消耗电量约占总放电量 7.3%。高温环境下，电池液冷消耗电量最高，约占总放电量的 3.1%，其次是直流-直流（DC/DC）变换器消耗电量，约占总放电量的 2.2%，而空调制冷消 耗电量不足总放电量的 1%。为此，合理优化整车热管理控制策略，对降低车辆在高低温环境 下的能量消耗量，提高续驶里程具有重要意义。

关键词: 重型纯电动车；能量流测试；能量消耗量；续驶里程