Abstract: Automotive transmission is the key component of vehicle power transmission, and its normal operation is crucial to the performance and driving safety of the vehicle. However, the transmission often fails due to wear, improper operation and design and manufacturing defects. This article introduces the wide applications of manual transmission and integrated transmission of automotive transmission, from their respective structural characteristics, advantages, disadvantages and common fault phenomenon, analyzes the causes of failure, and puts forward the corresponding troubleshooting methods to ensure the performance of the transmission, improve the safety and stability of vehicle operation, and provide the reference for vehicle maintenance technicians.

Key words: manual transmission; integrated transmission; fault diagnosis; troubleshooting method

摘要： 汽车变速器是车辆动力传输的关键部件，其正常运行对于汽车的性能和驾驶安全至关 重要。然而，由于使用过程中的磨损、操作不当以及设计制造缺陷等原因，变速器常常会出 现各种故障。文章介绍了汽车变速器中应用广泛的手动变速器和综合式变速器这两种变速器， 从各自的结构特点、优缺点及常见故障现象展开论述，分析了故障发生原因，提出了相应的 故障排除方法，以保证变速器性能，提高车辆运行的安全性和稳定性，同时也为汽车维修技 术人员提供参考。

关键词: 手动变速器；综合式变速器；故障诊断；故障排除方法