Abstract: This article is to solve the problem of a light bus body being broken down, the fishbone diagram method is used to track that the failure, with compute aided engineering (CAE) simulation technology to deep dive failure mechanism. This article reflects the suspension jump is too small, leads to the failure of the body longitudinal beam due to insufficient buffer. Though this article come up with adding the reinforcing plate, which make the balance of the engineering feasibility and best cost-efficiency. The improvement makes the body strength meet the design requirements, and the samples are performing well during the durability test, with no failure occurred. This article combines the fishbone diagram and CAE simulation, address the issue exactly, optimize the body structure with high efficiency, finally fixed the risk of failure risk, verified the effectiveness and practical credibility, offered a well reference for the same type of issues solution.

Key words: light bus body; fishbone diagram method; CAE simulation; durability test

摘要： 文章针对某轻型客车车身击穿问题，采用鱼骨图法追溯故障源，结合计算机辅助工程 （CAE）仿真技术深入剖析失效机制，分析揭示车身纵梁因悬架上跳行程过小，无法有效缓 冲后桥冲击而失效。据此，文章提出增加加强板方案，兼顾技术可行性和经济性。实施优化 后，车身强度提升至设计要求，样件在实车耐久试验中表现良好，未再出现击穿。文章融合 鱼骨图与 CAE 仿真，精准定位问题，高效优化车身结构，成功解决击穿隐患，验证了方法的 有效性与方案的实用可信性，为同类问题的解决提供了重要参考。

关键词: 轻客车身；鱼骨图法；CAE 仿真；耐久试验