Abstract: This paper aims to advance the quality, efficiency, and visualization in the selection process of air springs for cabin doors of buses. Utilizing three-dimensional modeling software, the optimal positioning for the air springs is ascertained through graphic methods. This is followed by theoretical verifications to ensure the determined positioning provides the required support and closing forces for the cabin doors. The utilization of the digital mock-up (DMU) module within CATIA facilitates the motion simulation of the air spring, affording a visual assessment of the door opening angle and potential interference conflicts. This proactive approach at the initial design stage confirms the efficacy of the air spring's self-locking feature. Employing 3D selection design and motion simulation analysis for air spring systems notably increases the design process's precision and efficiency, preemptively circumventing issues related to incorrect door opening angles, inadequate opening forces, and diminished gas spring longevity.

Key words: Air springs of buses; Selection design; Graphic method; Motion simulation

摘要： 为了提高客车舱门气弹簧选型的设计质量、效率及可视性，文章采用三维软件进行客 车舱门气弹簧的选型设计，通过作图法得到气弹簧的安装位置，然后理论计算确认该安装位 置的舱门支撑力和关闭力满足设计要求。通过 CATIA 中的数字样机（DMU）模块的运用， 实现气弹簧运动仿真，直观观测舱门开启角度、干涉情况等，从设计源头校核确认，保证气 弹簧自锁有效。气弹簧三维选型设计与运动仿真分析的使用，提高了客车舱门气弹簧选型设 计的效率与设计水平，在设计源头避免气弹簧选型不当导致舱门开启角度不对、舱门开启力 度偏大或偏小、气弹簧寿命短等问题。

关键词: 客车气弹簧；选型设计；作图法；运动仿真