Abstract: Since the layout of urban traffic roads in China is dominated by plane intersections, the probability of vehicle side collision accidents increases year by year with the increase of vehicle ownership, and the damage to passengers is more serious than that of frontal collision. In order to analyze the injuries of various parts of the passenger's body in the process of vehicle side impact, the damage grade analysis and damage mechanics model of the shoulder, chest, abdomen and hip caused by the direct collision between the passenger and the door interior panel are carried out, and a simulation test bench for the side impact of the car door is built. The maximum acceleration and the maximum force of the impact block at different positions are obtained with the changing process of the deformation amount and time of the door. The results show that the maximum equivalent acceleration of shoulder, chest, abdomen and hip is 10.53g, 23.02g, 12.28g and 26.75g, the maximum force is 2 035 N, 3 718.87 N, 2 631.94 N and 5 419.25 N. The damage degree of shoulder is less than AIS4, the injury degree of other parts is less than AIS3.These experimental data provide the basis for the safe travel of front and outside occupants and the reliable design of the door structure.

Key words: Lateral collision; Body injury; Impact test; Equivalent acceleration; Maximum force

摘要： 由于中国城市交通道路的布局多以平面交叉为主，在汽车保有量逐年增加的同时，车 辆侧面碰撞事故概率逐年增大，且较于正面碰撞对乘员的损伤更为严重。为分析车辆侧面碰 撞过程中前排外侧乘员身体各部位损伤情况，对前排外侧乘员与车门内饰板直接碰撞的肩部、 胸部、腹部、髋部损伤影响进行了损伤等级分析和车门受力模型建立，搭建了模拟车门侧碰 冲击试验台，随切入车门变形量和时间的变化过程得到不同部位冲击块的最大加速度和最大 作用力。研究结果表明，肩部、胸部、腹部、髋部最大等效加速度分别为 10.53g、23.02g、 12.28g、26.75g；最大作用力分别为 2 035 N、3 718.87 N、2 631.94 N、5 419.25 N；肩部损伤 程度小于 AIS4、其他部位损伤程度小于 AIS3，该实验数据为前排外侧乘员的安全出行和车门 结构的可靠设计提供了依据。

关键词: 侧面碰撞；人体损伤；冲击试验；等效加速度；最大作用力