Abstract: At different altitudes, there are few studies on the performance of coal-to-liquid application to GB Ⅵ diesel engines, so it is necessary to analyze and study it. On a diesel engine compliant with GB Ⅵ emissions, tests are conducted using an engine dynamometer with an altitude simulation system to evaluate the power performance, fuel economy and emission performance of three fuel samples, including GB Ⅵ standard diesel (G6), a blend of direct and indirect coal-to- liquid harmonious fuels (D1), and direct coal liquefaction fuel (D2) at altitudes of 0 m, 1 700 m and 3 000 m. The results show that in terms of power performance, with increasing altitude, all three fuel samples exhibite a decrease in maximum torque under transient conditions, and D1 and D2 show an average reduction of 0.79% and 0.95%, respectively compares to G6. However, D1 fuel with an oxygen enhancers maintain similar power performance to G6 at 3 000 m altitude; In terms of fuel economy, at 0 m altitude, D1 fuel exhibite an average reduction of 1.22% in effective fuel consumption rate compares to G6, while D2 fuel is comparable to G6; In terms of emission performance, D1 and D2 fuels show an increase in NOx emissions of 3.42% and 4.6%, respectively, compares to G6 at 0 m altitude. As the altitude increased, NOx emissions exhibite varying degrees of increase. To the particulate matter (PM) & particulate number (PN) emissions show an opposite trend, and both D1 and D2 fuels exhibite higher emissions of HC/CO compare to G6. Furthermore, all three fuel samples exhibite no ammonia leakage at different altitudes.

Key words: Diesel engines; Plateau environment; Coal-to-liquid; Application characteristic; Power performance; Fuel economy performance; Emission performance

摘要： 在不同海拔下，煤制柴油应用于国Ⅵ柴油机的性能表现研究较少，因此，有必要对其 进行分析研究。在满足国Ⅵ排放的柴油机上，基于发动机台架海拔模拟系统，分别测试了国 Ⅵ基准柴油（G6）、直接和间接煤制油调和油样（D1）以及煤直接液化油（D2）三种油样在 0 m、1 700 m 和 3 000 m 海拔下的动力性、燃油经济性和排放性能。结果表明，动力性方面， 三种油样随海拔的升高外特性扭矩下降，D1 和 D2 相对于 G6 平均降低 0.79%和 0.95%，然而 加入氧含量改进剂的 D1 油样在 3 000 m 海拔和 G6 油样动力性持平；燃油经济性方面，0 m 海拔下，D1 油样平均有效燃油消耗率相对 G6 油样降低 1.22%，D2 油样和 G6 油样相当；排 放性能方面，油样 D1 和 D2 相对于 G6 油样在 0 m 海拔下的 NOx 排放增加 3.42%、4.6%。随 着海拔的增加，NOx 排放有不同程度的增加。对于颗粒物（PM）和颗粒物数量（PN）排放 则呈相反趋势，D1 和 D2 油样在 HC/CO 排放方面都要高于 G6，此外不同海拔下三种油样均 未出现氨泄漏。

关键词: 柴油机；高原环境；煤制油；应用特性；动力性；燃油经济性能；排放性能