Abstract: In order to improve the driving stability of commercial vehicles and the integrity of goods carried, a MATLAB/Simulink air spring variable stiffness suspension model is established by applying fluid mechanics and Newtonian mechanics. According to the actual working conditions of the vehicle, a layered architecture control strategy with dead zone of body height adjustment is designed, and proportion integration differentiation (PID) algorithm is used to control the duty cycle of pulse width modulation (PWM) signal to change the opening and closing state of the solenoid valve. Finally, the dynamic characteristics of the front and rear suspension are compared and analyzed. The simulation results show that the dynamic deflection and the root mean square value of the sprung mass acceleration of the suspension with PID control strategy have been improved to varying degrees under the conditions of class B random road with vehicle speeds of 50 km/h and 90 km/h respectively, which effectively improves the dynamic performance of the electronically controlled air suspension.

Key words: Electronically controlled air suspension; Variable stiffness of air spring; Hierarchical architecture control; Suspension dynamic characteristics

摘要： 为了提高商用车行驶稳定性和运载货物完整度，应用流体力学和牛顿力学建立 MATLAB/Simulink 空气弹簧可变刚度悬架模型。根据汽车实际工况需求，设计一种具有车身 高度调节死区的分层架构控制策略，并采用比例-积分-微分（PID）算法控制脉冲宽度调制 （PWM）信号占空比，进而改变电磁阀开闭状态，最后对比分析控制前后悬架动态特性。仿 真结果表明，在车速分别为 50 km/h 和 90 km/h 的 B 级随机路面条件下，PID 控制策略悬架动 挠度和簧载质量加速度均方根值有不同程度改进，有效提高了电控空气悬架动态性能。

关键词: 电控空气悬架；空气弹簧可变刚度；分层架构控制；悬架动态特性