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Overview of Lightweight Technology for Commercial Vehicle WANG Xiaolong, FENG Shirong Automobile Applied Technology    2025, 50 (1): 136-141.   DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.001.028 Abstract （80）      PDF （1474KB）（158）       The lightweight design of commercial vehicles is one of the current research hotspots in the automobile industry. By reducing the weight of vehicles, it can effectively improve fuel economy, reduce carbon emissions, and improve vehicles handling performance and safety. This paper discusses the background and significance of lightweight commercial vehicle in detail, focusing on the application of aluminum alloy, high strength steel and composite materials in body structure, wheels and chassis. At the same time, introduces the application of advanced manufacturing technologies such as 3D printing, laser welding and integrated die casting technology in lightweight design, and the corresponding connection technology, such as riveting, bonding and bolted connection. Typical case studies demonstrate the practical effects of lightweight measures, including improved fuel economy, reduced carbon emissions and improved vehicle performance. Finally, this paper summarizes the positive impact of lightweight design on the overall performance of commercial vehicles, and looks forward to the future development direction. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Development Status and Trend of Automotive Intelligent Cockpit ZHANG Hong, WU Yaheng* , LIU Peiwen, DONG Yiping Automobile Applied Technology    2024, 49 (18): 166-169.   DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2024.018.033 Abstract （86）      PDF （1084KB）（93）       With the continuous development of new energy and intelligent vehicle industries, traditional intelligent cabins can no longer meet the demand for intelligent vehicles. Major automakers have gradually integrated and upgraded cockpit functions such as liquid crystal display instruments, information entertainment, and display screens, in order to explore safer, smarter, and more comfortable of transportation modes. This article analyzes and summarizes the current development status of intelligent cabins and the situation of major car companies loading intelligent cabins. The main development trends of intelligent cabins are summarized in five aspects, including enhancing head up display to empower driving with a new visual experience, rich cabin functions and information that still need to be based on travel safety, ruan air conditioner and zero gravity seats will empower the cabin with a new upgrade, multi-modal interaction between humans and vehicles will empower the cabin with a seamless experience, and artificial intelligence generated content (AIGC) technology will empower the cabin scene to continuously upgrade, bringing users a comfortable,convenient and safe driving experience, in order to provide reference for the development of the intelligent cabin industry. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the Longitudinal Force Condition of a Certain Type of Leaf Spring WAN Haiqiao Automobile Applied Technology    2024, 49 (18): 102-105.   DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2024.018.019 Abstract （25）      PDF （1163KB）（80）       In commercial vehicle suspensions, leaf springs are the most widely used elastic components. In daily design, developers often focus more on the influence of vertical loads on leaf springs, while ignoring the influence of longitudinal impact on leaf springs in extreme working conditions. This article analyzes the longitudinal force of leaf springs when vehicles are subjected to longitudinal acceleration through examples, calculates their strength, and provides design considerations for leaf springs under longitudinal twisting conditions. In daily design, the design stress of the steel plate spring under vertical working conditions is 400～500 MPa, but under longitudinal torsional working conditions, it can be seen from the results that the stress of the front spring reaches 510.2 MPa, which is greater than the stress under vertical working conditions. Therefore, the stress generated by its longitudinal force should not be ignored. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Lithium-ion Battery Health State Estimation Based on LSTM Neural Network ZHANG Xiaofan1 , CHEN Yilong*1 , LI Shengqian2 , ZENG Xiangkun1 , LIAN Xin1 , HUANG Cheng3 Automobile Applied Technology    2025, 50 (1): 1-6.   DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.001.001 Abstract （90）      PDF （994KB）（73）       Battery state of health (SOH) is an important parameter to characterize battery performance, and accurate SOH estimation is important for battery management and maintenance. The aim of this study is to build a battery SOH estimation model using a long-short-term memory (LSTM) neural network, and to obtain the best model accuracy under different iteration numbers. In this paper, real-time battery operation data are first collected and cleaned and filtered. Then, constant-current charging time, constant-voltage charging time and average discharge voltage are selected as feature indicators to predict the battery health state. By comparing and analyzing the real and predicted values of the three batteries, and the values of mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and relative error (RE) evaluation indexes, the accuracy of the three battery models is obtained to be above 98%. The experimental results show that the SOH estimation algorithm based on LSTM has accuracy and feasibility. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Integration and Research of Intelligent Comprehensive Thermal Management Control System for Bus Based on Fuel Cell WANG Haitao Automobile Applied Technology    2025, 50 (1): 7-12.   DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.001.002 Abstract （60）      PDF （1079KB）（64）       In order to solve the problem of high energy consumption of single electric heating system of fuel cell bus and reduce heat loss, an integrated intelligent comprehensive heat management control strategy for the whole vehicle is proposed based on the traditional distributed heat control strategy of fuel cell engine of hydrogen fuel bus. The heat generated by the fuel cell engine during operation is recycled, and the heat is fully converted by plate-fin heat exchanger and used for heating in passenger cabin and defrosting and defogging of front windshield. Realize high integration and fine thermal management. This technology can reduce the energy consumption of a single electric heating system, improve the heating comfort experience of the whole vehicle and greatly improve the economic performance of the whole vehicle. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Simulation Analysis and Optimization of Semi-Active Air Suspension XU Feng, RONG Bing* Automobile Applied Technology    2024, 49 (19): 61-67.   DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2024.019.012 Abstract （42）      PDF （1797KB）（59）       In order to study the outstanding advantages of air spring in semi-active suspension, as well as the optimization strategy of air spring, this paper based on the vehicle dynamics model of a mature vehicle, firstly, establishes the damper control algorithm of skyhook damping control strategy, then establishes the corresponding air spring model. Secondly, according to the characteristics of the air spring, the reference stiffness of the air spring under different load conditions is designed, and comprehensively considered the suspension isolation performance and suspension impact performance to optimize the stiffness of air spring. Finally, the effectiveness of the optimization scheme is verified through simulation comparison with the basic passive suspension model. The result shows that under half load and full load conditions, the suspension isolation performance is improved by about 19.78% and 28.92% on cobblestone roads, and by about 15.12% and 21.52% on Belgian roads, the suspension impact performance is improved by about 54.55% and 60%. This research method is closely related to the engineering development and application of air springs, and can effectively reduce the development cycle and cost of air springs. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Failure Ananlysis of Cylinder Head Gasket of Diesel Engine ZHANG Yujuan, YIN Huiqiong, FENG Hui, LU Jian, MA Le, WANG Decheng Automobile Applied Technology    2024, 49 (17): 99-102.   DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2024.017.020 Abstract （16）      PDF （1928KB）（59）       According to the batch leakage failure of cylinder head gasket of a diesel engine in the market, the failure mode of the cylinder head gasket is confirmed as cracking by analyzing the failure parts. Based on the data measurement and analysis from 4 aspects of cylinder head lift, cylinder head bolt shaft force, cylinder liner bulge and gasket structure, and combined with the simulation analysis method, it is found that the gasket structure design is the main cause of the failure, and further put forward the improvement measures to optimize the distance between upper and lower gaskets. After the full load endurance test and thermal shock test, the improved diesel engine does not appear gasket cracks and leakage failures, successfully solves the market problems, and provides a reference for the subsequent cylinder head gasket design. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Stanley Control Algorithm Based on Preview Time ZHAO Qi, XU Chang, JI Chenyu, YANG Feng, LIU Dong, LIU Liang Automobile Applied Technology    2024, 49 (19): 22-28.   DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2024.019.005 Abstract （30）      PDF （3229KB）（58）       The Stanley algorithm, which utilizes the front wheel center as the error reference point, Stanley-real vehicle" in hardware simulation and real vehicle test results, the overall error of the "preview-Stanley" algorithm is smaller than that of the Stanley algorithm; On the other hand, by comparing the lateral errors of "preview-Stanley-simulation" and "preview-Stanley-real vehicle", the accuracy and fidelity of the created hardware-in-the-loop system are verified. lacks the human-like forward-looking driving characteristic, resulting in frequent directional corrections. Furthermore, the current autonomous driving simulation methodologies and platforms are limited in their fidelity, making it difficult to effectively validate the practical impact of algorithm improvements. In this paper, a "preview-Stanley" control algorithm combining the optimal preview theory and Stanley control algorithm is proposed. Firstly, a virtual integrated navigation module and a vehicle controller area network (CAN) communication module are created based on Carla simulation platform. Then, the simulation platform of the autopilot domain controller-in-the-loop is built, and the "preview-Stanley" algorithm is deployed in the autopilot domain controller and testedin-the-loop. Finally, the real vehicle test under the real physical scene is verified. The results show that, on the one hand, by comparing the lateral errors of "Stanley-real vehicle" and "preview- Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Lightweight Design and Application of Commercial Vehicle Chassis YU Dong1 , ZHOU Wen1 , LAN Jun1 , LI Jun1 , XIAO Fei*1 , WANG Jiahan2 Automobile Applied Technology    2024, 49 (17): 33-37,49.   DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2024.017.007 Abstract （47）      PDF （3050KB）（49）       This article summarizes and analyzes the engineering application of chassis lightweight technology in a domestic commercial vehicle enterprise. It analyzes the lightweight technology of chassis at home and abroad, as well as the future development trends and challenges. It proposes that the current main lightweight technology route for commercial vehicles is to adopt lightweight and high-strength advanced materials, and to integrate advanced optimization design methods with advanced manufacturing processes. The article focuses on listing the engineering application of chassis lightweight technology and the achieved weight reduction effects in the application of ultra-high-strength steel frame assembly, ultra-high-strength steel front lower protection, high-grade ductile iron front connecting beam, high-stress material leaf spring,aluminum alloy leaf spring bracket, and high-efficiency cooling module lightweight technology. This provides valuable engineering reference for technical personnel engaged in the development and research of chassis lightweight technology in the commercial vehicle industry. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Insulation Detection Method and Fault Analysis of Battery Electric Commercial Vehicle FAN Ning, YANG Jie, DONG Xin, GAO Xing, LI Bin Automobile Applied Technology    2024, 49 (17): 8-12,24.   DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2024.017.002 Abstract （47）      PDF （3452KB）（47）       The working condition of battery electric commercial vehicle has complex road conditions and harsh working conditions, which leads to the acceleration of the wear rate of the vehicle electrical equipment, resulting in the continuous decline of the insulation resistance of the electrical equipment, and if not handled in time, there may be safety hazards or cause major safety accidents. Based on the principle of insulation fault detection, this paper analyzes and explores the application of an insulation detection and positioning technology, and a set of low-voltage signal transmission system consisting of insulation detector, current transmitter, current transformer and insulation fault locator is connected and installed in each high-voltage circuit of the vehicle. Through the real-time transmission of the system current signal, the fault loop is quickly and accurately located and the fault location is locked. This technology provides a fast, efficient and accurate solution for the investigation of faulty vehicles in the aftermarket. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Vehicle Modeling and Simulation Based on ADAMS LI Qian1 , LIU Wei1 , CHEN Zeliang2 , LI Hang1 , HUANG Dong*2 , WEI Jianfeng3 Automobile Applied Technology    2025, 50 (1): 31-36,51.   DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.001.006 Abstract （66）      PDF （1006KB）（47）       In this paper, the stiffness, power and friction parameters of a vehicle steering system are extracted by bench test, and the parameters are built into the corresponding model and input into the steering system model. Then, three typical operating conditions of steady turning with fixed radius, steering wheel angle step and central steering are studied by simulation and experiment. The results show that the simulation model with accurate modeling can predict each evaluation index more accurately, and also has higher prediction accuracy for the test results of steering wheel torque. The ADAMS/Car model is exported to VI-CarRealTime model by add-on, and the establishment method of the VI-CarRealTime rack and pinion model is described in detail. The calibration accuracy of VI-CarRealTime and ADAMS/Car model is further verified by building a rack and pinion model. In this study, the modeling and simulation methods of the steering system are deeply discussed, and good prediction accuracy is obtained in the experimental verification. It is of great significance to improve the accuracy and efficiency of vehicle steering system design, and provides a valuable reference for research and practice in related fields. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Chest Rib Deflection Performance Improvement Based on a Specific Vehicle Euro NCAP Side Pole ZHOU Xiaolei, DONG Wei, WANG Ganggang, LI Wenjie,WANG Kun Automobile Applied Technology    2025, 50 (1): 90-96.   DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.001.018 Abstract （52）      PDF （3161KB）（45）       This article is based on the overall safety development of a new energy vehicle model Euro new car assessment program (NCAP), to conduct the performance study on the chest deflection problem on the side pole test condition. Through the theoretical research on the chest deflection problem and obtain the relative influence factors. And by using the research method of finite element simulation analysis, sled test and vehicle barrier test verification. The optimization of BIW structure, airbag layout, seat foam design is proposed, which finally improved the vehicle crash performance. This article shows that the safety space of occupant, the safety restraint on the dummy, the stability of the seat state, etc., all have an important impact on the chest deflection performance, and the proposed solution is verified by the vehicle test and to be believed that is feasible. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Design and Research on Information Security of Vehicle Remote Diagnosis WANG Na, LIU Xu, HU Qiwen, LUO Hao, LIN Huiwen Automobile Applied Technology    2024, 49 (18): 34-37,49.   DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2024.018.006 Abstract （45）      PDF （859KB）（45）       Intelligent vehicles commonly utilize remote diagnostic technology to obtain information about the vehicle's operational status and efficiently resolve vehicle malfunctions. To prevent hackers from exploiting security vulnerabilities in the remote diagnostic system for unauthorized operations that threaten the safety of users' lives and property, this paper conducts information security design and research based on a general remote diagnostic system architecture. Through detailed security threat and risk analysis, this study thoroughly investigates information security protection schemes and key technologies (such as identity authentication, secure storage, etc.), and adopts effective implementation plans. By reverification of threat analysis and risk assessment, it can significantly enhance the protective capabilities of the remote diagnostic system and reduce information security risks. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Failure of 5083 Aluminum Alloy for Battery Pack XIN Zihan, YANG Guoliang, HU Jimin* , ZHENG Chongsong, LIU Jiawen, LI Luyao Automobile Applied Technology    2024, 49 (19): 1-7.   DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2024.019.001 Abstract （43）      PDF （1453KB）（44）       With the increasingly stringent automotive safety regulations, and the deepening trend of lightweight new energy vehicles, battery pack safety is becoming the core of new energy vehicle safety. In this paper, 5083 aluminum alloy, which is mainly used in the battery pack side guard plate, is taken as the research object. A test matrix is designed to obtain the material mechanical properties at different tensile strain rates and a variety of stress states, including static notch tensile, central hole tensile, shear and tensile shear. Through the self-developed software, the strain hardening curve and the parameters of molified Mohr-Coulomb (MMC) damage model are established and calibrated. And the reasonable of the MMC damage model is verified by three-point bending test and dynamic punching test. The results show that the failure model obtained in this study can better predict the fracture failure behavior of 5083 aluminum alloy, which provides a powerful material data basis for the safety performance analysis of new energy vehicle battery packs. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Field Vehicle-in-the-Loop Simulation Test System and Bus Injection TANG Yichao1 , SONG Yongxiong2 , PAN Deng2 , WU Dongbo2 , MENG Zhangjie1 , HE Bing2 , LU Bin2 Automobile Applied Technology    2024, 49 (17): 88-94.   DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2024.017.018 Abstract （44）      PDF （2343KB）（42）       The field vehicle in-the-loop simulation test system combines the real dynamics of real vehicle testing with virtual scene simulation technology, which is characterized by high test realism, diversified test scenarios and high test safety. This paper firstly introduces the field vehicle in-theloop simulation test system and its sub-system composition, secondly proposes a detailed design for the bus data injection subsystem, and then builds a vehicle field in-the-loop simulation test system based on this design, carries out the field real-vehicle test and the simulation scenario test, and finally carries out the comparative analysis of the test data, which verifies the high realism and high reproducibility of the test system. In the article, an optimized design of the bus data injection subsystem is provided to ensure that the system improves the scalability and portability of the whole test system under the premise of maintaining a high degree of realism and high reproducibility, which provides an important reference for the future industry to develop a field vehicle inthe-loop simulation test system. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A Review on the Mechanism and Control Measures of Automotive Brake Judder HUANG Linbing Automobile Applied Technology    2025, 50 (1): 142-146.   DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.001.029 Abstract （25）      PDF （1050KB）（42）       In order to reduce after-sales complaints about automotive brake judder, reduce claim costs, and improve user satisfaction, this article summarizes the research results on brake judder issues both domestically and internationally. Firstly, the characteristics and types of brake judder problems are explained, followed by an analysis of their mechanisms and influencing factors. Finally, targeted control measures are proposed. It has been confirmed that the direct cause of brake judder is brake torque fluctuation and the amplification effect of transfer path. The root cause of brake torque fluctuation is disk thickness variation and sideface run-out of brake disc. The control measures for brake judder problem have been clarified to control the vibration source and reduce the amplification effect of the transfer path. The research results of the article can provide reference for after-sales analysts who solve the problem of automotive brake judder, and can also provide experience and reference for early developers of brake systems. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development Trend and Research of Hydrogen Supply System for Fuel Cell Commercial Vehicles XU Biao, LI Ming Automobile Applied Technology    2025, 50 (1): 147-150.   DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.001.030 Abstract （32）      PDF （1330KB）（42）       With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have attracted much attention because of their advantages such as high energy efficiency, no pollution and low noise. However, as the core component of fuel cell vehicles, the limitations of hydrogen storage system of hydrogen storage system, such as small hydrogen storage quality, short range, self-significant and high cost, restrict the development of fuel cell commercial vehicles. This paper focuses on the application of different hydrogen storage methods in fuel cell commercial vehicles, and conducts in-depth research and analysis of the integration, lightweight, large volume, and localization of high-pressure gas hydrogen storage system. Finally, the future development and research direction of the on-board hydrogen supply system are discussed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Performance Optimization and Lightweight Design of Automotive Lower Control Arm CHEN Zhiyang, HU Li, ZHANG Guiyin* , LIU Hui, ZHANG Jianhua, CHEN Zhengkang, LI Ying Automobile Applied Technology    2024, 49 (17): 50-54.   DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2024.017.010 Abstract （65）      PDF （2238KB）（41）       The lower control arm needs to have a certain strength and stiffness to resist extrusion, impact deformation, and also needs to have a high natural frequency to avoid low-frequency resonance and noise. Taking the lower control arm of a research automotive as the lightweight design object in this paper, the design risk of insufficient buckling force is identified through simulation analysis, and the control arm is redesigned using a combination of shape and topology optimization methods, and performance simulations are conducted on the new design. The results show that the new control arm eliminated the design risk of insufficient buckling force, resulting in 6.6% weight reduction compared to the original design. This paper adopts linear optimization method to solve the highly nonlinear buckling force optimization problem, identifies the load transmission path through topology optimization, and provides new ideas for the buckling force optimization and lightweight design of automotive control arms. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Mechanical Properties of Scroll Compressor Drive Bearing for Electric Vehicles YUAN Mengli1 , YANG Bin*1 , LI Annan1 , GAO Feng1 , GE Mengqi1 , LUO Pengkang2 Automobile Applied Technology    2024, 49 (18): 1-6.   DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2024.018.001 Abstract （53）      PDF （1581KB）（40）       The purpose of this paper is to delve deeply into the issue of bearing wear in electric vortex compressors caused by disturbances from gas forces during operation. It elaborates extensively on the interference of gas forces on the equilibrium state of the transmission system and analyzes the adverse effects of vibrations on the driving bearings and overall machine performance. To enhance the accuracy and reliability of the rotor system in the vortex compressor, threedimensional structural models and multi-body dynamics model of the rotor system are separately established using the 3D modeling software CATIA and the multi-body dynamics analysis software ADAMS. Through the simulation analysis of the specific speed, the stress of the drive bearing is studied, and the parameters of the related parts are optimized through the design research. The research results show that the force of the driving bearing presents a significant periodic change, especially in the x and y directions, resulting in secondary unbalance of the system. Through optimization, the force of the driving bearing is reduced, the friction and wear of the bearing are reduced, the service life is increased, the stability of the scroll compressor is improved, and the vibration and noise of the system are reduced. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Rault-Tolerant Control for Motor Failure in Distributed Drive Electric Vehicles ZHI Jinning, JIN Feng, YAN Wenzhi, CHENG Xiaoze, LI Yongfeng Automobile Applied Technology    2024, 49 (17): 1-7.   DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2024.017.001 Abstract （41）      PDF （992KB）（39）       In order to improve the stability of distributed drive electric vehicle under single motor fault state, a fault-tolerant control method combining driving force reconstruction and active front steering (AFS) is proposed. Firstly, a sliding mode controller is designed to control the yaw rate and the center of mass deflection angle. Secondly, an optimal distribution model of vehicle driving force is established under the condition of motor failure. When the vehicle motor fails, the use of quadratic programming algorithm for the motor torque into row refactoring allocation. At the same time, when a motor fails and the output of the same side motor is saturated and can not provide enough yaw torque, additional yaw torque is provided by active front steering. Finally, the CarSim/Simulink joint simulation model is built to test. The results show that the fault-tolerant control method can effectively improve the vehicle stability and power. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics