Abstract: The temperature of lithium batteries rises during operation, especially under different working conditions. Prolonged operation in such a state will severely impair the service life and working performance of lithium batteries, and even lead to serious safety accidents. Therefore, thermal management of batteries is of crucial importance. As a mainstream heat dissipation method, liquid cooling is widely applied, and the flow channel structure determines the heat dissipation performance of liquid cooling plates. Conducting research on the structure of liquid cooling plates holds key value for promoting their optimal design and efficient application in the engineering field. Taking a certain type of power battery as the research object, this paper compares the heat dissipation performance of the traditional single-channel liquid cooling circuit with that of the dual-channel liquid cooling plate under the 3C rate working condition, investigates the heat dissipation performance of liquid cooling plates with pipe diameters of 3, 4, and 5 mm, and carries out verification under multiple working conditions. The results show that when the dual-channel liquid cooling plate is adopted with a coolant flow rate of 0.25 m/s and a pipe diameter of 4 mm, the maximum temperatures of the battery after discharge at 1C, 2C, and 3C are 27.12, 29.34, and 31.65 ℃ respectively, with a pressure drop of 1 440.08 Pa. This meets the operating temperature requirements of the battery and features a relatively stable pressure drop, which is conducive to improving the stability and service life of the liquid cooling plate.

Key words: multi-condition; liquid cooling; lithium battery; heat dissipation model

摘要： 锂电池在工作时温度会提升，尤其是在不同工况下，长期在该状态运行会严重影响锂 电池的寿命及工作性能，甚至导致严重的安全事故，因此对电池热管理至关重要。液冷散热 作为主流的散热方式应用广泛，而流道结构决定了液冷板散热性能，开展冷板结构的研究， 对推动其在工程领域的优化设计与高效应用具有关键价值。文章以某款动力电池为研究对象， 在 3C 倍率工况下，对传统单流道液冷回路与双流道液冷板散热情况进行对比，研究了 3、4、 5 mm 管径液冷板的散热性能，并进行了多工况验证。结果表明，采用双流道液冷板，冷却液 流速为 0.25 m/s，管径为 4 mm 时，电池在 1C、2C、3C 时放电后最大温度分别为 27.12、29.34、 31.65 ℃，压降为 1 440.08 Pa，满足电池的工作温度，压降较为稳定，有利于提高液冷板的 稳定性与寿命。

关键词: 多工况；液冷散热；锂电池；散热模型