Abstract: This paper proposes an accurate calculation method of rack force based on virtual kingpin theory, which is limited by the calculation method of rack force in traditional steering system for more complex suspension systems. The study first analyzes the main structural types of electric power steering systems currently under development, and emphases the importance of precise rack force calculation in steering system selection. Taking double wishbone suspension as a case study, it examines the kingpin structure and kinematic characteristics of this suspension type, and reveals their inherent structural impacts on steering rack force calculation. By comprehensively considering front wheel alignment parameters, a novel calculation method for steering system rack force is established. Through comparative analysis with traditional calculation methods across multiple vehicle models and validation via engineering case studies, this approach demonstrates enhanced effectiveness and precision in power assistance control compatibility. The methodology provides a theoretical basis for matching design between double wishbone suspensions and steering systems.

Key words: virtual kingpin; steering rack force; force calculation; double wishbone front suspension

摘要： 文章针对传统转向系统齿条力计算方法在适用较为复杂的悬架系统的局限性，提出基 于虚拟主销理论的转向系统齿条力精确计算方法。首先分析了目前正在开发的电子助力转向 系统的主要结构类型，提出了精确计算转向齿条力在转向系统选型中的重要性。随后以双叉 臂悬架为例，分析了双叉臂悬架的主销结构和运动特点，指出了其结构特点对于转向系统齿 条力计算的的潜在影响。综合考虑前轮系统各定位参数的影响，提出了一个新型转向系统齿 条力的计算方法。该方法通过与传统转向齿条力计算方法的在不同车型的计算结果进行对比， 通过工程案例验证了其在助力控制适配性方面的有效性和精确度，可为双叉臂悬架与转向系 统的匹配设计提供理论依据。

关键词: 虚拟主销；转向齿条力；力计算；双叉臂前悬架