Abstract: As the scale of intelligent networked vehicles increases, the demand for software updates is also increasing rapidly. Over the air (OTA) technology provides a solution for large-scale updates of intelligent and connected vehicle. This paper summarizes the OTA technology from the OTA technical framework, security technology and related regulations, and then introduces the test methods and test cases based on R156 and General technical requirements for software update of vehicles. By analyzing the test cases, the existing problems are raised and reasonable countermeasures are given. Finally, reasonable suggestions are put forward for the OTA upgrade security technology of connected cars from the three perspectives of intelligent connected car manufacturers, OTA upgrade management system and third-party testing agencies.

Key words: OTA technology; Software upgrade; Regulations and policies; Compliance testing; Security testing

摘要： 智能网联汽车的规模与日俱增，软件更新的需求也日益迅速，远程升级（OTA）技术 为智能网联汽车的大规模更新提供了解决办法。文章从 OTA 的技术框架、安全技术和相关法 规三个方面对 OTA 技术进行了概述，然后基于 R156 和《汽车软件升级通用技术要求》介绍 了测试方法和测试案例。通过对测试案例进行分析，提出了存在的问题并给出了合理的对策。 最后从智能网联汽车生产企业、OTA 升级管理体系和第三方检测机构三个角度对网联汽车 OTA 升级安全技术提出了合理的建议。

关键词: 远程升级技术；软件升级；法规政策；合规测试；安全测试