Abstract: The insulation performance between the high-voltage battery of electric vehicles and the vehicle body affects the reliability of vehicle operation and the personal safety of drivers and passengers. The resistance value of insulation resistance reflects the insulation performance of electrical equipment. Traditional passive detection methods of insulation resistance can only quickly determine the trend of insulation resistance changes between the positive and negative poles of high-voltage batteries and the ground of the vehicle body, but cannot calculate the insulation resistance value, and there is even a risk of not being able to identify faults. The paper proposes an active insulation detection method based on a full bridge isolation detection circuit, which can accurately calculate the equivalent insulation resistance value of the positive and negative poles of the high-voltage battery to the vehicle body ground. By preset insulation resistance thresholds and fault diagnosis mechanisms, the occurrence of insulation faults is determined, and the feasibility of the detection method is further verified through Simulink simulation.

Key words: Battery management system; Electric vehicles; Insulation resistance; Full-bridge isolation detection circuit; Simulink

摘要： 电动汽车高压电池与整车车身之间的绝缘性能影响整车运行的可靠性和司乘人身安全。 绝缘电阻的阻值反映了电气设备绝缘性能好坏，传统的绝缘电阻被动检测方法仅能快速判断 出高压电池正负极对车身地绝缘电阻变化趋势，却无法计算出绝缘电阻值，甚至存在无法识 别故障的风险。论文提出了一种基于全桥隔离检测电路的主动绝缘检测方法，能够准确计算 出高压电池正负极对车身地的等效绝缘电阻值，通过预设绝缘电阻阈值和故障诊断机制判断 是否发生绝缘故障，并通过 Simulink 仿真，进一步验证了检测方法的可行性。

关键词: 电池管理系统；电动汽车；绝缘电阻；全桥隔离检测电路；Simulink