Abstract: Aiming at the fracture failure of a commercial vehicle leaf spring mount under reinforced road conditions, a dynamic failure analysis method based on multi-axis load coupling and a structural optimization strategy are proposed. By analyzing its force situation, the relationship between the yield criterion and plastic strain is used as the core fatigue failure criterion. The dynamic response mechanism of the leaf spring mount under full freedom and the insufficient bearing capacity of the reinforcement are revealed through the combined simulation using HyperMesh and LS-Dyna. A parametric geometric optimization method is adopted to optimize the structure step by step, with the thickness of the reinforcement as the variable, incremented by 0.5 mm at each step. The optimized design, with only a 0.75% increase in weight, enables the leaf spring clamp to be in a pure elastic deformation stage under reinforced road conditions, effectively enhancing the structure's resistance to plastic deformation. This can provide a reference for the design optimization of the leaf spring clamp.

Key words: fracture failure; leaf spring seat; mechanical simulation; structural optimization; HyperMesh/LS-Dyna

摘要： 针对某商用车板簧卡座在强化道路工况下发生断裂失效的问题，提出基于多轴载荷耦 合的动态失效分析方法与结构优化策略。通过分析其受力情况，以屈服准则与塑性应变关系 作为核心疲劳失效判据。通过 HyperMesh 与 LS-Dyna 的联合仿真揭示了全自由度下板簧卡座 动态响应机制和加强筋承载能力不足的问题。采用参数化几何优化方法，以加强筋厚度为变 量，按照每次递增 0.5 mm 的方式逐步优化结构。优化设计在质量仅增重 0.75%情况下，使板 簧卡座在强化道路工况下处于纯弹性变形阶段，有效提升了结构的抗塑性变形能力，可为板 簧卡座的设计优化提供参考。

关键词: 断裂失效；板簧卡座；力学仿真；结构优化；HyperMesh/LS-Dyna