Abstract: Aiming at problems such as insufficient flux-weakening control precision and limited speed regulation range in electric vehicle drive motors during operation, this paper proposes a fluxweakening control strategy based on a passive observer for the drive motor to enhance the operational performance and stability of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) over a wide speed range. The method utilizes a passive observer to achieve accurate estimation of the motor's rotor angle and speed, and on this basis, applies a voltage feedback method for fluxweakening control to extend the motor's speed range. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively expand the motor's speed regulation range up to 3.2 times the base speed, while improving the dynamic response performance of the system without compromising estimation accuracy and stability, achieving the expected outcomes.

Key words: permanent magnet synchronous motor; passive observer; flux-weakening control; voltage feedback method; MATLAB/Simulink

摘要： 针对电动汽车驱动电机在运行时面临的弱磁控制精度不足、调速范围受限等问题，文 章基于驱动电机无源观测器的弱磁控制策略，提升永磁同步电机（PMSM）在宽调速范围内 的运行性能和稳定性。通过无源观测器实现对电机转子角度与速度的精确估算，并在此基础 上应用电压反馈法进行弱磁控制，以拓展电机的转速范围。仿真实验结果表明，所提出的方 法能够有效扩展电机的调速范围，并提高至基速的 3.2 倍，在保证估计精度和系统稳定性的 情况下提升了系统动态响应性能，达到了预期效果。

关键词: 永磁同步电机；无源观测器；弱磁控制；电压反馈法；MATLAB/Simulink