Abstract: The lightweight design of commercial vehicles is one of the current research hotspots in the automobile industry. By reducing the weight of vehicles, it can effectively improve fuel economy, reduce carbon emissions, and improve vehicles handling performance and safety. This paper discusses the background and significance of lightweight commercial vehicle in detail, focusing on the application of aluminum alloy, high strength steel and composite materials in body structure, wheels and chassis. At the same time, introduces the application of advanced manufacturing technologies such as 3D printing, laser welding and integrated die casting technology in lightweight design, and the corresponding connection technology, such as riveting, bonding and bolted connection. Typical case studies demonstrate the practical effects of lightweight measures, including improved fuel economy, reduced carbon emissions and improved vehicle performance. Finally, this paper summarizes the positive impact of lightweight design on the overall performance of commercial vehicles, and looks forward to the future development direction.

Key words: commercial vehicle; lightweight; aluminum alloy; high strength steel

摘要： 商用车的轻量化设计是当前汽车工业的研究热点之一，通过减轻车辆自重，可以有效 提升燃油经济性，减少碳排放，并改善车辆的操控性能和安全性能。文章详细探讨了商用车 轻量化的背景与意义，重点介绍了铝合金、高强度钢及复合材料在车身结构、车轮和底盘中 的应用。同时，概述了先进制造技术，如 3D 打印、激光焊接和一体化压铸技术在轻量化设计 中的应用，及相应的连接技术，如铆接、胶接和螺栓连接。通过典型案例分析，展示了轻量 化措施的实际效果，包括燃油经济性提高、碳排放减少和车辆性能提升。最后，总结了轻量 化设计对商用车整体性能的积极影响，并展望了未来发展方向。

关键词: 商用车；轻量化；铝合金；高强度钢