Abstract: To achieve the goals of carbon peaking by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060, the transportation department is actively promoting vehicle electrification. This paper analyzes the greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption of five types of vehicles: battery electric vehicles (BEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), extended range electric vehicles (EREV), hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), and internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV) in the context of the power structure in Shaanxi province in 2020. The research results indicate that compared to ICEV, BEV,PHEV, EREV, and HEV achieve reductions in emissions by 34.7%, 27.3%, 10.8%, and 27.6%, respectively, over the life cycle of the vehicles. Additionally, their energy consumption is reduced by 33.8%, 17.1%, 7.45%, and 29.7%, respectively. As the degree of vehicle electrification increases, the primary emissions shift to the electricity generation stage. Further analysis of future scenarios reveals that increasing the penetration rate of BEV and improving the proportion of renewable energy in the grid will contribute to achieving Shaanxi province's carbon peaking target by 2030 and carbon neutrality target by 2060. These research findings demonstrate that promoting vehicle electrification in Shaanxi province is an effective pathway to achieving carbon reduction goals. By reducing greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption, Shaanxi province can make positive contributions to addressing climate change and achieving sustainable development.

Key words: Life cycle assessment; Greenhouse gas; Electric vehicles; Shaanxi province; Powertrain

摘要： 为实现 2030 年碳达峰和 2060 年碳中和的目标，道路运输部门正在积极推广车辆电气 化。文章针对陕西省 2020 年的电力结构场景，对纯电动汽车（BEV）、插电式混合动力汽车 （PHEV）、增程式电动汽车（EREV）、混合动力汽车（HEV）和燃油汽车（ICEV）这五种车 辆的温室气体排放和能耗进行了评估分析。研究结果显示，相对于 ICEV、BEV、PHEV、EREV、 HEV，在车辆生命周期内的减排比例分别为 34.7%、27.3%、10.8%和 27.6%。同时，它们的 能耗也相应降低了 33.8%、17.1%、7.45%和 29.7%。随着车辆电气化程度的增加，主要的排 放转移至电力产生环节。进一步对未来年份的场景进行分析表明，BEV 的渗透率增加以及电 网中可再生能源比例的提高将有助于实现陕西省在 2030 年达到碳达峰，并最终在 2060 年实 现碳中和的目标。研究结果表明，在陕西省推广车辆电气化是实现碳减排目标的有效途径。 通过减少温室气体排放和能耗，陕西省能够为应对气候变化和实现可持续发展做出积极贡献。

关键词: 生命周期评估；温室气体；电动汽车；陕西省；动力总成