Abstract: This paper focuses on the research of improving the energy efficiency of the electric drive system for pure electric heavy-duty commercial vehicles, aiming to reduce the vehicle's overall power consumption by minimizing system losses, thereby enhancing the vehicle's range and operational economy. Firstly, the composition of the motor drive system is analyzed, highlighting the motor and controller as the core components of energy consumption. Regarding the motor itself, losses primarily include stator losses, rotor losses, and friction losses; in contrast, losses in the motor controller mainly stem from switching losses and conduction losses of power devices. Secondly, to enhance system efficiency, this paper examines methods for improving system efficiency from four perspectives: system architecture, motor design, motor controller, and control strategy. Finally, the results indicate that the energy efficiency optimization of the motor drive system should focus on stator copper loss control, reducing primary losses through motor design and control algorithms, while optimizing hardware performance with high-voltage architecture and wide-bandgap devices. This systematic balance between efficiency and cost provides an effective pathway for optimizing the energy efficiency of electric drive systems.

Key words: heavy-duty commercial vehicles; permanent magnet synchronous motor; machine controller

摘要： 文章围绕纯电重型商用车电机驱动系统的能效提升展开研究，旨在通过降低系统损耗 来减少整车电耗，从而提升车辆续航里程与运营经济性。首先，分析了电机驱动系统的构成， 指出电机与控制器是能耗的核心环节。在电机本体方面，损耗主要包括定子损耗、转子损耗 及摩擦损耗；在电机控制器方面，损耗则主要来源于功率器件的开关损耗与导通损耗。其次， 为提升系统效率，文章从系统架构、电机本体设计、电机控制器和控制策略四个层面分析了 提高系统效率的方法。最后，结果表明电机驱动系统的能效优化需以定子铜损控制为核心， 通过电机设计与控制算法降低主要损耗，并结合高压架构与宽禁带器件优化硬件性能、系统 性平衡效率与成本，为优化电驱动系统能效提供有效路径。

关键词: 重型商用车；永磁同步电机；电机控制器