Abstract: In recent years, liquefied natural gas (LNG) heavy duty trucks have developed rapidly. As an important part of LNG heavy trucks, the reliability of LNG cylinders has a great influence on the running efficiency of vehicles. Through case studies of actual LNG cylinder failures, this paper identifies common issues including vacuum system failures, safety valve malfunctions, and booster valve dysfunction. By analyzing the root causes of these failure modes, the study proposes improvement measures focusing on structural design optimization and process enhancement. These targeted solutions aim to prevent potential failures, improve the operational reliability of LNG cylinders, and ultimately enhance the stability of vehicle operations.

Key words: LNG heavy duty trucks; reliability; operating efficiency; vacuum failure; failure mode

摘要： 近年来，液化天然气（LNG）重型卡车发展较为迅速。LNG 气瓶作为 LNG 重型卡车 的重要部件，其可靠性对车辆运行效率影响较大。文章通过研究 LNG 气瓶实际使用中的故障 案例，分析常见的真空失效、安全阀及增压阀功能失效等故障，确定不同的失效模式产生的 原因，并从结构设计、工艺提升等方面制定了改进措施，以避免故障的产生，提高 LNG 气瓶 使用的可靠性，进而提升车辆运营的稳定性。

关键词: LNG 重型卡车；可靠性；运行效率；真空失效；失效模式