Abstract: With the continuous improvement of national standards and regulations, as well as the increasingly stringent requirements of end-users in the market for the lightweight performance of semi-trailer tractors, this paper, aiming to further enhance the loading capacity and operational efficiency of semi-trailer tractors, relies on the finite element analysis software HyperWorks to conduct targeted static strength analysis, static stiffness analysis, and free modal analysis of semi-trailer tractors under multiple working conditions. Based on in-depth analysis of the free modal characteristics of the frame and the safety factor stress nephogram, it accurately identifies the lightweight optimization technical paths for the components related to the frame assembly. On the premise of strictly ensuring that the structural strength meets the standards, through eliminating redundant designs and optimizing structural parameters, it finally achieves a weight reduction of approximately 18% for the crossbeam, with an absolute weight reduction of 12.5 kg, effectively fulfilling the core goal of reducing the overall curb weight of the vehicle.

Key words: lightweight; finite element analysis; factor of safety; static strength

摘要： 随着国家标准法规的持续完善与市场终端用户对半挂牵引车轻量化性能的要求日趋严 苛，为进一步提升半挂牵引车的装载能力与运营效率，文章依托有限元分析软件 HyperWorks， 针对性开展了半挂牵引车多工况下的静强度分析、静刚度分析及自由模态分析。基于车架自 由模态特性与安全因子应力云图的深度解析，精准挖掘出车架总成相关零部件的轻量化优化 技术路径。在严格保障结构强度达标的前提下，通过剔除冗余设计、优化结构参数，最终实 现横梁减重约 18%，降重绝对值达 12.5 kg，有效达成了降低整车整备质量的核心目标。

关键词: 轻量化；有限元分析；安全因子；静强度