Abstract: Due to the characteristics of large mass and low center of gravity, electric vehicles are more prone to longitudinal run-out during low-speed braking compared with traditional fuel vehicles. Longitudinal movement of vehicles affects vehicle comfort, reduces the subjective score of vehicles, and is prone to cause customer complaints. The article analyzes the mechanism of this phenomenon through real vehicle test data and proposes that reducing the anti-lift characteristics of the rear suspension is the key to solving this problem. Based on this, the ADAMS vehicle dynamics model is established. Through the simulation analysis of different schemes, it is concluded that when the hard point design of the suspension simultaneously meets the anti-nod rate of the front suspension ≤48% and the anti-lift rate of the rear suspension ≤62%. The longitudinal run-out of the vehicle during low-speed braking can be significantly improved, and this conclusion has been verified in the development of the next-generation vehicle models. The scheme proposes in this study can provide a reference for engineers when solving such problems and enhance the product strength of the developed vehicle models.

Key words: electric vehicle; low-speed braking; longitudinal movement; anti-lift characteristics

摘要： 电动汽车由于质量大、重心低等特点，相比传统燃油车辆更容易出现低速制动纵向窜 动问题。车辆纵向窜动影响车辆舒适性，降低车辆的主观评分，且易引发客户抱怨。文章通 过实车测试数据分析该现象产生的机理，提出降低后悬架的抗举升特性是解决该问题的关键， 并据此建立 ADAMS 车辆动力学模型，通过不同方案的仿真分析得出当悬架硬点设计同时满 足前悬架的抗点头率≤48%、后悬架的抗举升率≤62%时，车辆低速制动纵向窜动可以得到明 显改善，并且该结论在下一代车型的开发上得到了验证。该研究提出的方案可以为工程师在 解决此类问题时提供参考，提升所开发车型的产品力。

关键词: 电动汽车；低速制动；纵向窜动；抗举升特性