Abstract: The differential is an indispensable key component in the construction of automobiles, and the axial and angular tooth clearance between the internal gears is crucial for ensuring the reliability of vehicle operation. To achieve a low-cost, fast, and accurate measurement of the tooth clearance between different types of differential gears, this paper studies the actual usage of the existing measurement auxiliary tools and the analysis results of the measurement system for a method of measuring the tooth clearance between differential gears and its auxiliary tools. The study derives improvement strategies for the measurement method and designs a new measurement auxiliary tool. After testing and verification, the new measurement method and auxiliary tool have the advantages of convenient operation, reliable and stable measurement results, and strong product compatibility, providing favorable support for product quality control.

Key words: differential; gear; backlash; measurement system analysis

摘要： 差速器是汽车构造中必不可少的关键部件，其内部齿轮之间的轴向和角向齿侧间隙是 保证汽车行驶可靠性的关键。为低成本的快速、准确实现不同类型差速器齿轮之间齿侧间隙 的测量，文章基于现有的一种差速器齿轮之间的齿侧间隙测量方法及测量辅具，研究了其测 量辅具的实际使用状况与测量系统分析结果，得出测量方法的改进策略，并设计了一种新的 测量辅具。经测试验证，新的测量方法及测量辅具具有操作便捷、测量结果可靠稳定、产品 可兼容性强等优点，为产品质量控制提供了有力的支持。

关键词: 差速器；齿轮；齿侧间隙；测量系统分析