Abstract: The safety of li-ion batteries is a major challenge in the development of large-scale applications of power batteries in electric vehicles. Thermal runaway can lead to safety hazards include smoke, fire or explosion. Batteries safety testing is the main method to help reducng the thermal runaway threat. Chinese and international standards of thermal runaway testing standards for li-ion power batteries are reviewed. Testing items such as overcharging, forced discharge, external short circuit, heating and temperature shock, and crush (or collision) are analyzed, the test conditions and parameters in GB 38031－2020, UL 2580－2020, and UN/ECE R 100.02－2013 are discussed. This study briefly summarize the characters and shortcomings of those standards. It is hope to contribute to the continuous updating and optimization for batteries safety standards, and a more scientific testing and evaluation method can be established.

Key words: Electrical vehicle; Li-ion battery; Thermal runaway; Safety testing

摘要： 锂离子动力电池的安全性是电池在电动汽车上大规模应用发展的一大挑战。锂离子电 池热失控会导致冒烟、起火或爆炸，电池安全测试是帮助减少热失控威胁的关键。文章分析 了国内外锂离子动力电池安全方面的测试标准，对过充电、强制放电、外部短路、加热与温 度冲击、挤压等测试进行比较，分析了 GB 38031－2020、UL 2580－2020、UN/ECE R100.02 －2013 中的试验条件和参数的要求。指出相关标准存在的不足，希望能够为电池安全标准不 断更新和优化作出贡献，建立更加科学的测试与评价方法。

关键词: 电动汽车；锂离子电池；热失控；安全测试