Abstract: The structure of a bus is a very important part of the bus design and manufacturing process. As the basic structural components of the bus, the frame and body are responsible for carrying the layout of all systems and are the main carriers for bearing various impacts caused by the unevenness of the free ground. Due to its complex structure and large development cost, high requirements are put forward in the design stage. Therefore, the strength and modal analysis of the frame and body are important steps to ensure the reasonable design of the bus structure. This article describes a finite element analysis method, describes in detail the precautions in the finite element analysis process and the simulation of related important components, which has certain guiding significance for the analysis of the strength and modal of the entire vehicle structure.

Key words: Bus frame; Body structure; Structural strength; Modal analysis

摘要： 客车结构是客车设计与制造过程中一个非常重要的环节，车架与车身作为客车的基础 结构部件，负责承载所有系统的布置，是承载所有由自由地面不平度带来的各种冲击的主要 载体。且由于客车结构复杂，开发费用投入较大，在设计阶段提出很高的要求，因此，对车 架与车身的强度、模态分析是保证客车结构设计合理的重要步骤。文章讲述了一种有限元分 析方法，详细地描述了有限元分析过程中的注意事项以及相关重要零部件的模拟，对整车结 构强度以及模态的分析有一定的指导意义。

关键词: 客车车架；车身结构；结构强度；模态分析