Abstract: Wearing a soft headrest can change the seat's protective effect in a rear-end collision, but little research has been done on whiplash performance when wearing a soft headrest. In order to explore the role of soft headrest in rear-end collision accident, a comparative whiplash experiment is designed and completed about two conditions of wearing soft headrest and not wearing soft headrest. The results show that the soft headrest can make the dummy's head touch the seat earlier, support and buffer the head movement of the dummy, slow down the violent degree of the head swing backward, and reduce the damage of all parts of the dummy, the peak value of neck injury is significantly reduced, and the whiplash score is improved. As a kind of pre-research data accumulation of rear-end accident, the research results will serve for the revision of the whiplash regulations.

Key words: Soft headrest; Whiplash test; Dummy damage; Comparative study

摘要： 佩戴软头枕会改变座椅在追尾事故中的保护效果，但是目前针对佩戴软头枕时的鞭打 性能研究几乎没有。为探索软头枕在追尾事故中的作用，设计并完成了佩戴软头枕和未佩戴 软头枕两种工况下的鞭打对比试验。结果表明，座椅佩戴软头枕会使假人头部较早的接触座 椅，支撑并缓冲假人的头部运动，减缓假人头部向后甩动的剧烈程度；并使假人各部位的损 伤减小，颈部伤害峰值明显降低；同时，具有提高座椅鞭打得分的作用。研究成果作为追尾 事故的一种预研数据积累，将服务于后续新版鞭打规程的制修订工作。

关键词: 软头枕；鞭打试验；假人损伤；对比研究