Abstract: The score of whiplash test can reflect the protection of car seat to human neck in rear-end accident, and neck injury criterion (NIC) is one of the evaluation indexes of whiplash test, its low score rate has plagued carmakers and seat suppliers. In order to solve this problem, a series of experiments are carried out according to the whiplash test procedure in China new car assessment program (C-NCAP), and two typical failure modes of NIC are summarized and extracted. Through literature research, theoretical derivation and simulation analysis, the direct factors affecting NIC are obtained, including acceleration lifting time difference, acceleration lifting speed difference and acceleration lifting stability, and classified summarized the optimization of the factors of the optimization measures. The research conclusion will serve for the development of seat and provide reference for the optimization of seat whiplash performance.

Key words: Whiplash test; Neck injury criterion; Failure mode; C-NCAP

摘要： 鞭打试验得分高低可以反映汽车座椅在追尾事故中对人体颈部保护性能的好坏，而颈 部伤害指数（NIC）是鞭打试验的评价指标之一，其低得分率一直困扰着车企和座椅供应商。 为解决此问题，依据中国新车评价规程（C-NCAP）中的鞭打试验程序，开展了系列试验，总 结并提取出了 NIC 两种典型失效模式。通过文献调研、理论推导和仿真分析得出了影响 NIC 的直接因素，主要包括加速度起升时刻差异、加速度起升速度差异和加速度起升稳定性三个 方面，并分类总结了优化各因素的优化措施。研究结论将服务于座椅开发，为座椅鞭打性能 优化提供借鉴意义。

关键词: 鞭打试验；颈部伤害指数；失效模式；中国新车评价规程