Abstract: Taking 1/4 vehicle suspension as the research object, the differential equations of two degree of freedom vibration models of vehicle passive and active suspension were established according to the principle of dynamics. The road excitation model and suspension model of two degree of freedom for vehicle were built and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink. The effects of active and passive suspension on body acceleration, suspension stroke and wheel dynamic load were compared and analyzed. It was concluded that the active suspension can better reduce the body acceleration and the ride comfort was better than the passive suspension system. The study of active suspension system is of great significance for improving vehicle ride comfort and handling stability.

Key words: Vehicle suspension; Ride comfort; Simulation analysis; Road excitation model; Suspension model of two degree of freedom; MATLAB/Simulink

摘要： 文章以 1/4 车辆悬架为研究对象，根据动力学原理建立车辆被动和主动悬架二自由度 振动模型的微分方程。在 MATLAB/Simulink 中搭建路面激励模型和车辆二自由度悬架模型并 进行仿真分析，对比分析了主动悬架和被动悬架对于车身加速度、悬架动挠度、车轮动载荷 等指标的影响。结果显示，主动悬架能更好地降低车身加速度，平顺性能优于被动悬架系统。 研究主动悬架系统对于改善车辆乘坐舒适性、操纵稳定性具有重要意义。

关键词: 车辆悬架；平顺性；仿真分析；路面激励模型；二自由度悬架模型；MATLAB/Simulink