Abstract: As an important part of the braking system of electric vehicles, vacuum pumps obtain vacuum by rotating the motor, which is an important source of vibration and noise for electric vehicles. This article is aimed at the noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) problem of an electric vehicle when the vacuum pump is working under braking conditions. Using Test.lab test analysis system to experimentally analyze possible causes, it is finally found that the vacuum pump working frequency and the mounting bracket modal coupling resonance cause the vacuum pump noisy. By optimizing the frequency and dynamic stiffness of the vacuum pump bracket, and improving the vibration isolation rate of the rubber pad, the large noise of the vacuum pump is solved, and the riding comfort of the electric vehicle is improved.

Key words: Vacuum pump; Noise, Vibration, Harshness (NVH); Bracket mode; Bracket frequency; Dynamic stiffness; Rubber bushing hardness; Electric vehicles; Noise analysis; Optimization design

摘要： 真空泵作为电动汽车制动系统中的重要组成部分，通过电机旋转来获得真空，是电动 汽车的一个重要振动噪声源。文章针对某电动汽车在制动工况下真空泵工作时整车噪声、振 动、声振粗糙度（NVH）问题，运用 Test.lab 测试分析系统对可能存在的原因进行实验排查 分析，最终发现真空泵工作频率与安装支架模态耦合共振导致真空泵噪声大。通过优化真空 泵支架的频率及动刚度，并提高真空泵安装橡胶垫的隔振率，解决真空泵噪声大问题，提高 该电动汽车的乘坐舒适性。

关键词: 真空泵；噪声、振动、声振粗糙度（NVH）；支架模态；支架频率；动刚度；橡胶衬 套硬度；电动汽车；噪声分析；优化设计