Abstract: The structure of automobile rim directly affects the airflow movement in the wheel area, and then affects the heat dissipation characteristics of the wheel brake disc. In order to explore the influence of rim structure on the heat dissipation performance of brake disc, three kinds of rim structures, narrow spoke rim, wide spoke rim and fully enclosed rim, were selected as the research objects to realize the change of rim opening area. The influence of different rim structures on the flow field of wheel area and the heat dissipation performance of brake disc was analyzed by computational fluid dynamics. The results show that the size of the rim opening area is positively correlated with the heat dissipation efficiency of the brake disc. Increasing the rim opening area will enhance the air flow in the wheel area, and the corresponding heat dissipation area will increase. The research results provide guidance for the optimization and improvement of wheel design and automobile brake disc heat dissipation.

Key words: Automobile wheel; Brake disc; Rim structure; Heat dissipation performance; Flow field analysis

摘要： 汽车轮辋结构直接影响着车轮区域的气流运动，进而会对车轮制动盘散热特性产生影 响。为探讨轮辋结构对制动盘散热性能的影响，文章以窄轮辋、宽轮辋和全封闭轮辋三种轮 辋结构为对象，从而实现对轮辋开口面积的改变，采用计算流体动力学分析了不同轮辋结构 对车轮区域流场和制动盘散热性能的影响。结果表明，轮辋开口面积的大小和制动盘的散热 效率成正相关，增加轮辋开口面积会增强车轮区域的气流运动，相应的制动盘散热效果呈现 增大趋势。研究结果为车轮设计和制动盘散热优化改进提供指导。

关键词: 汽车车轮；制动盘；轮辋结构；散热性能；流场分析