Abstract: The structure of vacuum truck's suction nozzle determines the distribution of flow field inside the suction nozzle and affects the efficiency of suction nozzle.The design of suction nozzle mainly involves the theory of dust dynamics, closed air curtain design and air confluence. This paper bases on the relevant theory, combines with the structural design principle of the suction nozzle, analyses the influence of the suction nozzle'smain structural parameters on its dust absorption performance. In order to minimize the local pressure loss in the inner cavity of the suction nozzle, the structural parameters are optimized.In this paper the physical model of the back blowing suction nozzle is established. Through the Fluent simulation analysis and comparison with the ordinary pure suction nozzle, the back blowing suction nozzle with slit air curtain nozzle has better vacuum effect.

Key words: Vacuum truck; Suction nozzle structure; Structural parameters; Fluent

摘要： 吸尘车吸嘴的内部结构，将影响吸嘴内腔的气流流动状况，同时进一步影响吸嘴的工 作效率。吸尘车吸嘴结构的研发，主要包含了气体汇流、密闭情况下的气幕分析、起尘动力 学这三部分知识。文章研究了相应的学科知识，考虑了吸尘车吸嘴其中的设计方针，深度解 析了吸嘴的结构对其工作能力的影响。优化目标是以吸嘴吸尘区域的局部压力损失达到最小， 优化其结构上的部分参数。建立反吹式吸嘴的物理模型，通过 Fluent 仿真与普通纯吸式吸嘴 分析对比，具有喷口的反吹式结构吸嘴，对地板上的细微垃圾有更好的吸入效果。

关键词: 吸尘车；吸嘴结构；结构参数；Fluent