Abstract: Abstract: As an effective way to solve energy shortage and environmental pollution, electric vehicle has become a research hotspot. The development of electric vehicle is restricted by factors such as unreasonable distribution of charging infrastructure and poor operation and maintenance. This paper analyzes the influencing factors of charging pile construction and uses the queuing theory model to establish a charging station operator's initial investment cost and later operation and maintenance cost. The charging pile configuration model whose objective function is to minimize the charging waiting time cost of the charging user, study the configuration problem of the number of charging piles in the charging station under the mode of known charging demand. Taking a business district in Guiyang as an example, the study founds that when 11 charging posts were installed, the combined costs of charging users and operators were the lowest, and the utilization rate of charging posts was the best, the analysis of the example verifies the feasibility of the model.

Key words: Electric vehicle charging pile; Configuration optimization; Queuing theory; Multiobjective planning

摘要： 作为解决能源短缺和环境污染的有效途径，电动汽车已成为研究热点。电动汽车的发 展受到充电基础设施分布不合理、运维不善等因素的制约。文章分析了充电站建设的影响因 素，借助排队论模型，建立以充电站运营商前期投资成本、后期运维成本和电动汽车用户充 电等待时间成本最小为目标函数的充电桩配置模型，研究在已知充电需求的模式下充电站内 充电桩数量的配置问题。并以贵阳市某商业区为例，研究发现在该商业区安装 11 个充电桩时， 充电用户和运营商的综合成本最低，且充电桩的利用率也达到最佳状态，通过该算例的分析 验证了本研究模型的可行性。

关键词: 电动汽车充电桩；配置优化；排队论；多目标规划