主办:陕西省汽车工程学会
ISSN 1671-7988  CN 61-1394/TH
创刊:1976年

汽车实用技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (19): 14-20.DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.019.003

• 新能源汽车 • 上一篇    

电动汽车电机噪声的主动声品质控制方法

赵训,崔怀峰*,崔淮,方信   

  1. 宁波工程学院 机械与汽车工程学院
  • 发布日期:2025-10-09
  • 通讯作者: 崔怀峰
  • 作者简介:赵训(2003-),男,研究方向为汽车振动噪声的主被动控制 通信作者:崔怀峰(1974-),男,博士,副教授,研究方向为汽车振动噪声的主被动控制及声品质控制
  • 基金资助:
    国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目“多智能体系统的复杂封闭空间主动降噪研究”(202311058012);国 家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目“电动汽车路噪主动控制技术研究”(202411058019);浙江省高等教育 “十四五”教学改革项目“问题导向的多课程综合创新实践教研合一研究”(jg20220596)

The Active Sound Quality Control Method for Electric Vehicle Motor Noise

ZHAO Xun, CUI Huaifeng* , CUI Huai, FANG Xin   

  1. School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology
  • Published:2025-10-09
  • Contact: CUI Huaifeng

摘要: 针对电动汽车电机噪声的心理声学烦恼度(PA)优化控制问题,文章提出了一种融合 主动噪声控制(ANC)与主动声品质控制(ASQC)的自适应控制方法,以烦恼度为控制目 标,以电机主导阶次谐波噪声分量为输入信号,通过构建 PA 检测器提取噪声的心理声学特征, 并结合带有动态步长调节机制的自适应滤波算法,对烦恼度因子进行迭代优化。仿真与实车 试验结果表明,该方法能够显著降低车内电机噪声烦恼度,最大降幅达 95.4%,显著提升了 纯电动汽车的声品质与乘坐舒适性,为整车声学性能优化提供了新思路。

关键词: 电动汽车;阶次噪声;主动控制;声品质;烦恼度

Abstract: Aiming at the psychoacoustic annoyance (PA) optimization control problem of electric vehicle motor noise, this paper proposes an adaptive control method that integrates active noise control (ANC) and active sound quality control (ASQC), with annoyance as the control objective and the dominant harmonic noise component of the motor as the input signal. The psychoacoustic features of noise are extracted by constructing a PA detector, and the annoyance factor is iteratively optimized in combination with an adaptive filtering algorithm featuring a dynamic step size adjustment mechanism. The simulation and real vehicle test results show that this method can significantly reduce the annoyance of motor noise inside the vehicle, with the maximum reduction reaching 95.4%. It significantly improves the sound quality and ride comfort of pure electric vehicles, providing a new idea for the optimization of the vehicle's acoustic performance.

Key words: electric vehicles; order noise; active control; sound quality; psychoacoustic annoyance