Abstract: In order to explore the influence of external excitation and parameter excitation on the dynamic characteristics of gear transmission system of new energy reducer, a four degree of freedom dynamic model of gear system of two-stage reducer is established based on the principle of gear dynamics and comprehensively considering the factors such as time-varying meshing stiffness, static transmission error and gear backlash. The time-varying meshing stiffness of gear pair is calculated by potential energy method, and the static transmission error of gear pair is calculated by slice method. The Runge Kutta method is used to solve the model, and the time history diagram, FFT spectrum diagram, phase diagram and Poincare diagram are obtained. The research results of gear dynamic response show that with the increase of torque fluctuation, the FFT amplitude of relative displacement gradually increases, and the excitation frequency gradually becomes the main contribution source of relative displacement fluctuation. The average meshing stiffness and torque fluctuation have a great impact on the gear dynamic response. With the increase of the average meshing stiffness, the gear relative displacement fluctuation decreases, and the system motion changes from hybrid motion to almost periodic motion.

Key words: New energy reducer; Gear; Transmission system; Dynamic model; Dynamic response

摘要： 为探究外源激励和参数激励对新能源减速器齿轮传动系统动力学特性的影响，基于齿 轮动力学原理，综合考虑时变啮合刚度、静态传递误差以及齿轮侧隙等因素，建立二级减速 器齿轮系统的四自由度动力学模型。运用势能法计算齿轮副的时变啮合刚度，采用切片法计 算齿轮副的静态传递误差。运用龙格库塔法对模型求解，获得时间历程图、FFT 频谱图、相 图以及庞加莱图。对齿轮动力学响应的研究结果表明，随着扭矩波动的增加，相对位移 FFT 幅值逐渐增大，激励频率逐渐成为相对位移波动的主要贡献源；平均啮合刚度以及扭矩波动 对齿轮动力学响应影响较大。随着齿轮平均啮合刚度的增加，齿轮相对位移波动减小，系统 运动从混动运动变为概周期运动。

关键词: 新能源减速器；齿轮；传动系统；动力学模型；动态响应