Abstract: With the continuous development of science and technology, mobile robots are widely used in various industries, and intelligent cars represent an important branch in this research field. This paper designs an intelligent car system centered on the STM32 microcontroller, adopting a modular design approach. In terms of hardware, the STM32 microcontroller serves as the main controller, integrating infrared and ultrasonic sensors to achieve path recognition and obstacle detection respectively, while establishing wireless communication through a bluetooth module. In terms of software, the main program scheduling enables multiple working modes such as line tracking, obstacle avoidance, and smartphone remote control. This study verifies the effectiveness of embedded systems in complex perception and control tasks. Its modular and scalable design also lays a technical foundation for subsequent functional enhancements, demonstrating good practical value and promotional significance.

Key words: intelligent car; STM32; infrared line tracking; ultrasonic obstacle avoidance; wireless communication

摘要： 随着科学技术的不断发展，移动机器人广泛应用于各个行业，智能小车是该研究领域 中的一个重要分支。文章设计了一款以 STM32 单片机为核心的智能小车系统，采用模块化设 计方案，硬件上以 STM32 微控制器为主控，集成红外与超声波传感器分别实现路径识别与障 碍物探测，并通过蓝牙模块建立无线通信；软件上通过主程序调度实现循迹、避障及手机遥 控等多种工作模式。该研究验证了嵌入式系统在复杂感知与控制任务中的有效性，其模块化 与可扩展的设计也为后续功能深化奠定了技术基础，具备良好的实用价值与推广意义。

关键词: 智能小车；STM32；红外循迹；超声波避障；无线通信