Abstract: To tackle climate change and achieve the goal of carbon neutrality, electric mining dump trucks, with their advantages of low emissions and high energy efficiency, have become the core equipment for the green transformation of mines. The performance of its battery management system (BMS) directly affects the vehicle efficiency. This paper reviews the development history of mining dump trucks, pointing out that foreign technologies have deepened towards electrification, intelligence and hydrogen energy integration, while China has achieved remarkable breakthroughs in 100-ton electric vehicle models and hybrid fuel-saving technologies through independent research and development. Focusing on BMS, it analyzes battery state estimation and balancing management technologies, compares the applicable scenarios of methods such as open-circuit voltage method and Kalman filtering, as well as active balancing and passive balancing strategies, and emphasizes that high-precision algorithms and energy optimization are the keys to technological upgrading. In the future, it is necessary to break through the technological bottlenecks of batteries, promote the intelligent integration of BMS, assist mines in achieving efficient emission reduction, and support the realization of the "dual carbon" goals.

Key words: green mine; mining dump trucks; BMS; state estimation; balance management

摘要： 为应对气候变化，实现碳中和目标，电动矿用自卸车凭借低排放、高能效优势成为矿 山绿色转型的核心装备，其电池管理系统（BMS）的性能直接影响整车效能。文章综述了矿 用自卸车的发展历程，指出国外技术已向电动化、智能化及氢能融合方向深化，而国内通过 自主研发在百吨级电动车型与混合动力节油技术上取得显著突破。聚焦 BMS，分析了电池状 态估计与均衡管理技术，对比开路电压法、卡尔曼滤波等方法及主动均衡、被动均衡策略的 适用场景，强调高精度算法与能量优化是技术升级的关键。未来需突破电池技术瓶颈，推动 BMS 智能化集成，助力矿山高效减排，支撑“双碳”目标实现。

关键词: 绿色矿山；矿用自卸车；BMS；状态估计；均衡管理