Abstract: This study proposes a systematic electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) design optimization methodology for multi-device collaborative testing in new energy laboratories. By categorizing laboratory equipment types and their EMC characteristics, the research identifies common-mode (CM)/differential-mode (DM) interference sources and propagation paths, establishes typical test setups, and utilizes spectrum analyzers with near-field probes to locate interference sources. Quantitative assessments of conducted interference and radiated emissions are conducted. Key improvements include: increasing the spacing between high-voltage and sensitive equipment, upgrading controller area network (CAN) bus anti-interference capabilities, and standardizing grounding methods. Post-optimization improvements demonstrate reduced communication error frame rates, lower equipment failure rates, and decreased conducted CM interference amplitudes. The study establishes a standardized EMC design workflow encompassing layout planning, harness selection, and validation testing. This methodology provides a replicable framework for EMC design in new energy powertrain, battery, and thermal management laboratories, enhancing testing efficiency and supporting reliability advancements in the new energy vehicle industry chain.

Key words: new energy vehicle testing; electromagnetic compatibility optimization; three-electric system testing; laboratory design

摘要： 文章提出针对新能源实验室多设备协同测试系统性电磁兼容（EMC）设计优化方案， 通过梳理实验室设备的种类及 EMC 特性，识别共模（CM）/差模（DM）干扰源及传播路径， 并搭建典型测试场景，采用频谱分析仪与近场探头定位干扰源，量化评估传导干扰与辐射发 射水平。优化措施包括：扩展高压与敏感设备间距、升级控制器局域网（CAN）总线抗干扰 能力、梳理接地方式等。整改后实验室通信错误帧率降低，设备故障率、传导 CM 干扰幅值 下降，形成标准化 EMC 设计流程，涵盖布局规划、线束选型及测试验证。该研究为新能源动 力总成、电池及热管理实验室提供可复用的 EMC 设计方法，提升测试效率，助力新能源汽车 产业链可靠性升级。

关键词: 新能源汽车测试；电磁兼容优化；三电系统测试；实验室设计