Abstract: With the development of vehicle electrification, power semiconductor devices are widely used in various components of electric vehicles. The power devices represented by the insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) are the important electromagnetic interference (EMI) in the electric vehicle system because of their fast switching speed and high operating frequency. These disturbances can be transmitted to other power electronic devices in the form of spatial coupling or cable conduction coupling, seriously affecting the work of other components. It is necessary to evaluate the EMI characteristics of IGBT and other power devices for the design of electric vehicle drive and electronic control system. Based on this, the paper starts from the study of the switching characteristics of IGBT, deduces its current and voltage characteristics during the switching period, and then obtains its voltage and current waveform by double-pulse test. Finally, the tested data is converted to the frequency domain by Fourier transform, which can more intuitively monitor the interference emission spectrum of IGBT in operation and evaluate its EMI characteristics.

Key words: electric vehicle; IGBT; electromagnetic interference; double pulse test

摘要： 随着汽车电动化的发展，功率半导体器件被大量应用于电动汽车的各个零部件中。以 绝缘栅双极型晶体管（IGBT）为代表的功率器件，因其开关速度快，工作频率高，是电动汽 车系统中重要的电磁干扰（EMI）。这些干扰会以空间耦合或是线缆传导耦合的方式，传导到 其他电力电子装置中，严重影响其他部件的工作。评估 IGBT 等功率器件的 EMI 特性，对于 电动汽车电驱、电控系统的设计非常有必要。基于此，文章从研究 IGBT 的开关特性出发， 推导其开关时期的电流和电压特性，然后用双脉冲测试的方式得出其电压和电流波形，最后 再通过傅里叶变换的方式将测试到的数据转化至频域，可以更直观地监测 IGBT 在工作中的 干扰发射频谱，评估其 EMI 特性。

关键词: 电动汽车；IGBT；电磁干扰；双脉冲测试