Abstract: To address the temperature rise issue of hub motors in distributed drive pure electric vehicles, this article adopts a new spiral channel flow boiling heat dissipation method for heat dissipation, and uses Fluent software to simulate and analyze its heat dissipation characteristics. Selecting a 10 kW permanent magnet synchronous hub motor as the research object, finite element simulation analysis is conducted on the flow boiling heat dissipation and water cooling heat dissipation of a spiral channel with a coolant of R134a based on the operating conditions of the hub motor under peak conditions. The flow rate and boiling point are used as variables to study the flow boiling heat dissipation characteristics of the spiral channel. The research results indicate that the heat dissipation effect of flow boiling in spiral channels is positively correlated with flow velocity and negatively correlated with boiling point. When the boiling point of R134a is controlled at 8 ℃, the heat dissipation effect of flow boiling in spiral channels is better than that of water cooling, and this advantage becomes more obvious with the increase of flow velocity. Therefore, adopting new heat dissipation methods is of great significance in reducing the temperature of hub motors and improving their performance.

Key words: Hub motor; Flow boiling; Spiral channel; R134a

摘要： 为应对分布驱动式纯电动汽车轮毂电机的温升问题，文章采用了一种新型的螺旋通道 流动沸腾散热的方式进行散热，并运用 Fluent 软件对其散热特性进行了仿真分析。选取 10 kW 的永磁同步轮毂电机作为研究对象，根据轮毂电机在峰值工况下的运行情况，对冷却液为 R134a 的螺旋通道流动沸腾散热与水冷散热进行有限元仿真分析，以流速和沸点为变量，对 螺旋通道流动沸腾散热特性进行研究。研究结果表明，螺旋通道流动沸腾散热效果与流速呈 正相关，与沸点呈负相关的关系，当 R134a 的沸点控制在 8 ℃时，螺旋通道流动沸腾散热效 果要优于水冷散热，并且这种优势随着流速的增加变得更加明显。因此，采用新型散热方式 对降低轮毂电机温度、提高轮毂电机性能有着重要意义。

关键词: 轮毂电机；流动沸腾；螺旋通道；R134a